东方平腹小蜂成蜂触角感器形态和超微结构  

Morphology and ultrastructure of the antennal sensilla of adult Anastatus orientalis(Hymenoptera:Eupelmidae),a parasitoid of Lycorma delicatula(Hemiptera:Fulgoridae)

作　　者：刘欣玉 白妍妍 赵盈盈 戚煜 姜娜 刘保志 吕淑杰[1] 谢寿安[1] LIU Xin-Yu;BAI Yan-Yan;ZHAO Ying-Ying;QI Yu;JIANG Na;LIU Bao-Zhi;LU Shu-Jie;XIE Shou-An(College of Forestry,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学林学院,杨凌712100

出　　处：《昆虫学报》2025年第1期123-132,共10页Acta Entomologica Sinica

基　　金：国家公益性行业(林业)科研项目(201504324);陕西省第二批特支计划领军人才项目(陕组通字2020-44号);2022年度西安市科技计划项目(2022JH-JSYF-0261)。

摘　　要：【目的】明确斑衣蜡蝉Lycorma delicatula的本土寄生性天敌东方平腹小蜂Anastatus orientalis雌、雄成蜂触角感器的种类、形态和分布规律,为深入探究东方平腹小蜂各类感器的功能,揭示其化学感受机制提供理论依据。【方法】采用扫描电子显微镜技术对东方平腹小蜂雌、雄成蜂触角感器的形态和超微结构进行观察。【结果】东方平腹小蜂成蜂触角呈膝状,由梗节、柄节和鞭节组成,雄成蜂触角的平均长度为1710.53μm,雌成蜂触角的平均长度为1638.67μm。在扫描电子显微镜下观察到东方平腹小蜂成蜂触角上7种类型感器,分别为:Bohm氏鬃毛、毛形感器、刺形感器、锥形感器(有2种亚型SBⅠ和SBⅡ)、板形感器、腔锥形感器和耳形感器。其中,耳形感器为雌蜂特有。此外,还在雌蜂触角上发现了表皮孔结构。【结论】东方平腹小蜂雌、雄成蜂触角感器的种类、分布特征均存在典型的性二型现象。不同类型感器拥有不同的形态和分布,且发挥不同功能。研究认为东方平腹小蜂丰富的触角感器在其感受环境变化、寻找配偶和定位寄主等过程中发挥重要作用。这些结果为研究该寄生蜂的化学通讯机制和嗅觉行为差异奠定了基础。【Aim】To clarify the types,morphology and distribution of the antennal sensilla of female and male adults of Anastatus orientalis,an indigenous parasitic natural enemy against Lycorma delicatula,and provide theoretical support for exploring the functions and olfactory mechanisms of various types of sensilla of A.orientalis.【Methods】The morphology and ultrastructure of the antennal sensilla on the female and male adults of A.orientalis were observed with scanning electron microscopy(SEM).【Results】The antennae of adult A.orientalis are geniculate,and consist of scape,pedicel and flagellum.The mean adult antenna length is 1710.53μm in males and 1638.67μm in females.SEM observation revealed that there are seven types of sensilla on the antennae of adult A.orientalis,including B hm’s bristles(BBs),sensilla trichodea(ST),sensilla chaetica(SCh),sensilla basiconica(SB,with subtypes SBI and SBII),sensilla placodea(SP),sensilla coeloconica(SCo)and sensilla auricillica(SAu).Among them,the SAu are unique to female adults,and the smell pore(SPo)was also found on the antennae of female adults.【Conclusion】There is typical sexual dimorphism phenomenon in the types and distribution feature of antennal sensilla between the female and male adults of A.orientalis.Different types of antennal sensilla have different morphology and distribution,and play different functions.This research suggests that the abundant antennal sensilla play an important role in the process of sensing environmental changes,finding mates and locating hosts.These results lay a foundation for research on the chemical communication mechanism and olfactory behavior differences of A.orientalis.

关 键 词：东方平腹小蜂 触角 感器 扫描电子显微镜 超微结构 

分 类 号：Q964[生物学—昆虫学]