(2,6-(4,6-二甲氧基)嘧啶-2-氧基)苯甲酸(2-硝基-4-甲氧基)苯酯对几种杂草的室内活性及田间药效评价  

Evaluation of the indoor activity and field efficacy of 4-methoxy-2-nitrophenyl 2,6-bis((4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)oxy)benzoate on several weeds in field

作　　者：原子杨 周静 路慧哲[1] 袁越 邓鑫元 甘秀海 覃兆海[1] YUAN Ziyang;ZHOU Jing;LU Huizhe;YUAN Yue;DENG Xinyuan;GAN Xiuhai;QIN Zhaohai(College of Science,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China;College of Agriculture,Yangtze University,Jingzhou 434025,Hubei Province,China;Key Laboratory of Green Pesticides&Agricultural Engineering Ministry of Education P.R China,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学理学院,北京100193 [2]长江大学农学院,湖北荆州434025 [3]贵州大学绿色农药与农业生物工程教育部重点实验室,贵阳550025

出　　处：《农药学学报》2025年第1期145-152,共8页Chinese Journal of Pesticide Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(No.2021YFD1700102)。

摘　　要：嘧啶水杨酸类除草剂具有在土壤中降解较快、对后茬作物不易产生药害的特点。课题组前期以双草醚(bispyribac-sodium)为先导化合物,合成并筛选出了以乙酰乳酸合成酶(ALS)为靶标的高活性双草醚酚酯类候选化合物(2,6-(4,6-二甲氧基)嘧啶-2-氧基)苯甲酸(2-硝基-4-甲氧基)苯酯(Ia-19)。为探讨Ia-19的应用前景,本研究通过盆栽及田间试验,评估了10%Ia-19可分散油悬浮剂(OD)的室内除草活性、对田间杂草的防除效果以及对直播水稻生长和产量的影响。室内活性试验表明:10%Ia-19 OD在有效成分45、60和90 g/hm^(2)剂量下,对稗草、猪殃殃等主要田间杂草的鲜重防效均可达到80%以上,与同剂量下的对照药剂10%双草醚OD相当。田间防效试验中,10%Ia-19 OD在有效成分60和90 g/hm^(2)剂量下,药后15 d均可达到60%以上的株防效,但药后30 d的株防效较15 d明显下降,表明有新的杂草长出;药后30 d,10%Ia-19 OD有效成分在45、60和90 g/hm^(2)剂量下处理对田间杂草均有较高的鲜重防效,但整体表现比双草醚略差。水稻产量测定结果表明,有效成分90 g/hm^(2)的10%Ia-19 OD处理组比空白对照增产22.35%,且即使在该高剂量下施用对水稻也无明显药害,表明Ia-19是一种对水稻安全的除草剂候选品种。2-(Pyrimidin-2-yloxy)benzoic acid(PYB)herbicides are known for their rapid degradation in soil and lack of phytotoxicity to subsequent crops.Building on our previous work with bispyribacsodium as the lead compound,the group synthesized and screened a highly active candidate compound,(2-nitro-4-methoxy)phenyl(2,6-(4,6-dimethoxy)pyrimidine-2-oxy)benzoate(Ia-19),which targets acetolactate synthase(ALS).To evaluate the application potential of Ia-19,the herbicidal activity of a 10%oil-based suspension concentrate(OD)of Ia-19 through both pot and field experiments was assessed,focusing on its efficacy against weeds and its impact on the growth and yield of direct-seeded rice.In the indoor herbicidal activity test,the fresh weight inhibition rates of 10%Ia-19 OD against barnyard grass,Galium spurium L.,and other major field weeds exceeded 80%at application rates of 45,60,and 90 g a.i./hm²,demonstrating comparable efficacy to 10%bispyribac-sodium OD at the same dosages.In the field control experiment,the efficacy of weed control at application rates of 60 and 90 g a.i./hm²exceeds 60%in terms of weed population reduction after 15 days.However,the control efficacy observed 30 days post-application was significantly lower than that at 15 days,suggesting the germination of new weeds.Notably,by day 30,the control efficacy of all three experimental concentrations of Ia-19 on weed fresh weight remained relatively high,although its overall performance was slightly inferior to that of bispyribac-sodium.Yield determination results indicated that rice fields treated with 90 g a.i./hm²of 10%Ia-19 OD exhibited a 22.35%increase in yield compared to untreated fields.No significant phytotoxicity observed even at this higher dosage,suggesting that Ia-19 is a safe herbicide candidate for rice.

关 键 词：嘧啶水杨酸类除草剂 双草醚酚酯 杂草控制 水稻安全性 

分 类 号：TQ450.2[化学工程—农药化工] S482.3[农业科学—农药学]