杭白菊叶枯病防治药剂的筛选及Phoma bellidis对吡唑醚菌酯的敏感性基线  

Screen of fungicides against leaf blight of Chrysanthemum morifolium and the sensitivity baseline of Phoma bellidis to pyraclostrobin

作　　者：张倩倩[1,2] 张佳星 陈焘 毛程鑫 张传清 ZHANG Qianqian;ZHANG Jiaxing;CHEN Tao;MAO Chengxin;ZHANG Chuanqing(College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences,Zhejiang A&F University,Hangzhou 311300,China;Tongxiang Institute of Agricultural Sciences,Jiaxing City Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Jiaxing 311605,Zhejiang Province,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江农林大学现代农学院,杭州311300 [2]嘉兴市农业科学研究院桐乡农业科学研究所,浙江嘉兴311605

出　　处：《农药学学报》2025年第1期171-176,共6页Chinese Journal of Pesticide Science

基　　金：浙江省“三农六方”科技协作计划(No.2021SNLF019);浙江省粮油产业技术项目(No.浙农科发[2023]13号).

摘　　要：叶枯病是浙江特色中草药杭白菊上危害最为严重的叶部病害之一。本研究采用菌丝生长速率法和孢子萌发法进行了杭白菊叶枯病防治药剂的初步筛选,评估了获得的吡唑醚菌酯等药剂对该病害的保护和治疗作用效果,并建立了杭白菊叶枯病菌Phoma bellidis群体(n=113)对吡唑醚菌酯的敏感性基线。结果表明:供试9种杀菌剂中,咯菌腈、咪鲜胺和吡唑醚菌酯对P.bellidis菌丝生长抑制活性最好,EC_(50)值分别为0.04、0.06和0.07μg/mL;供试两种甲氧基丙烯酸酯(QoIs)类杀菌剂吡唑醚菌酯和嘧菌酯对P.bellidis分生孢子萌发的抑制活性较高,EC_(50)值分别为0.18和2.21μg/mL。吡唑醚菌酯、吡唑醚菌酯+苯醚甲环唑(体积比1:1)和吡唑醚菌酯+咯菌腈(体积比1:1)对杭白菊叶枯病表现出很好的保护作用,所有处理的治疗作用效果都显著低于保护作用。吡唑醚菌酯对P.bellidis群体(n=113)菌丝生长的EC_(50)值在0.01~0.49μg/mL之间,平均EC_(50)值为(0.28±0.11)μg/mL,敏感性频率分布符合正态分布,可以作为P.bellidis对吡唑醚菌酯的敏感性基线。本研究结果可为杭白菊叶枯病的防治、吡唑醚菌酯的科学合理应用及后续的抗药性监测与管理提供依据和指导。Leaf blight is one of the most serious leaf diseases on Chrysanthemum morifolium,a Chinese medical herb in Zhejiang Province.In this study,the mycelium growth rate method and spore germination method were used to screen the control agents of C.morifolium leaf blight.The protective and curative efficacy of fungicides including pyraclostrobin against leaf blight disease were determined.The sensitivity baseline of Phoma bellidis population(n=113)to pyraclostrobin was built.The results indicated that fludioxonil,prochloraz,and pyraclostrobin exhibited the best inhibitory activity on the mycelium growth rate of P.bellidis among the 9 tested fungicides,with the EC_(50)values of 0.04,0.06 and 0.07μg/mL,respectively.In contrast,only the two QoIs,pyraclostrobin and azoxystrobin,showed good inhibitory activity on spore germination,with EC_(50)values of 0.18 and 2.21μg/mL.Pyraclostrobin,pyraclostrobin+difenoconazole(V/V=1:1),and pyraclostrobin+fludioxonil(V/V=1:1)exhibited good protective efficacy against leaf blight disease.However,the curative efficacy of all treatments was weaker than their protective efficacy.The EC_(50)values of pyraclostrobin for inhibiting mycelial growth of P.bellidis population(n=113)ranged from 0.01 to 0.49μg/mL,and the average EC_(50)value was(0.28±0.11)μg/mL.The sensitivity frequency distribution conforms to normal distribution,and it can be used as the sensitivity baseline of P.bellidis to pyraclostrobin.These results provide the basis and guidance for the management of leaf blight on C.morifolium,effective and reasonable application of pyraclostrobin,and the monitoring of resistance development in the future.

关 键 词：杭白菊 Phoma bellidis 吡唑醚菌酯 生物活性 敏感性基线 

分 类 号：TQ450.1[化学工程—农药化工]