纳米材料对线粒体生物合成的影响及其机制研究进展  

Research progress in nanomaterials induced mitochondrial biogenesis dysfunction and mechanism

作　　者：徐畅 杨晓雅 郭家彬 李宇杰 XU Chang;YANG Xiaoya;GUO Jiabin;LI Yujie(Chinese PLA Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 100071,China;School of Public Health,China Medical University,Shenyang 110001,China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民解放军疾病预防控制中心,北京100071 [2]中国医科大学公共卫生学院,辽宁沈阳110001

出　　处：《中国药理学与毒理学杂志》2025年第2期129-137,共9页Chinese Journal of Pharmacology and Toxicology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(82003880)。

摘　　要：近年来,纳米材料在食品、化工和生物医药等领域广泛应用。纳米材料可通过多种途径暴露于人体,其毒性效应值得高度关注。体内研究证实,纳米材料暴露可导致心、肝、肾、皮肤和神经等多个靶器官毒性,其毒性机制与内质网、溶酶体和线粒体等细胞器改变有关。越来越多研究表明,线粒体是纳米材料毒作用的重要靶位。线粒体生物合成作为维持线粒体稳态的重要机制,在纳米材料诱导细胞毒性的过程中发挥重要作用。本文重点综述了纳米材料对线粒体生物合成影响的研究现状,及其通过诱发氧化应激、破坏钙离子稳态、扰动毒性通路等导致线粒体生物合成功能障碍作用机制,为纳米材料的毒性测试和风险评估提供参考。Nanomaterials have been used in a variety of industries recently,involving foods,chemicals and biomedicine.There are multiple routes through which humans are exposed to nanomaterials,and their toxic effects deserve more attention.In vivo studies have confirmed that nanomaterials exposure can lead to toxicity in such target organs as the heart,liver,kidney,skin and nerve.The toxicity mechanism is related to changes in organelles such as the endoplasmic reticulum,lysosomes and mitochondria.Increasing studies suggest that mitochondria are critical targets for the toxicity of nanomaterials.Mitochondrial biogenesis serves as an important mechanism for maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis,which plays a vital role in the process of nanomaterials-induced cellular toxicity.This article summarizes the current research on the effects of nanomaterials on mitochondrial biogenesis,and elaborates the mechanism through which nanomaterials disrupt mitochondrial biogenesis by triggering oxidative stress,upsetting the homeostasis of calcium ion and disturbing toxicity pathways.This article is expected to provide a reference for toxicity testing and risk assessment of nanomaterials.

关 键 词：纳米材料 线粒体生物合成 毒性 机制 

分 类 号：R962[医药卫生—药理学]