Swarm异构轨道卫星运动学绝对和相对定轨  

Kinematic absolute and relative orbit determination of Swarm satellites with heterogeneous orbits

作　　者：金彪[1] 李申阳[1] 刘宁宁 赵立谦 JIN Biao;LI Shenyang;LIU Ningning;ZHAO Liqian(Space Star Technology Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100095,China)

机构地区：[1]航天恒星科技有限公司,北京100095

出　　处：《北京航空航天大学学报》2025年第2期409-418,共10页Journal of Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(42304045)。

摘　　要：精密位置信息是低轨卫星在轨任务成功实施的关键。载波相位模糊度的固定对GPS精密定位、定轨至关重要。利用观测值偏差产品对卫星端硬件偏差进行改正,采用星间单差消除接收机端偏差,实现单接收机模糊度固定。利用Swarm星载实测数据开展运动学绝对和相对精密定轨,分别固定单星模糊度和双差模糊度,研究模糊度固定对运动学定轨精度的影响。结果表明:固定模糊度可明显提升定轨精度。作为参考的简化动力学单星模糊度固定(SD-AR)解轨道卫星激光测距(SLR)残差标准差优于10 mm,相对于浮点解提升了20%。对于运动学绝对定轨,双差模糊度固定(DD-AR)解定轨精度相对浮点解提升26%,SD-AR解定轨精度提升46%。运动学相对定轨中,Swarm-AC编队SD-AR和DD-AR解基线精度相对浮点解提升40%;对于Swarm-AB和Swarm-BC异构轨道编队卫星,选取特定时段观测数据开展相对定轨,相对于浮点解结果,SDAR解基线精度提升48%,DD-AR解基线精度提升54%。低轨卫星运动学定轨中固定载波相位模糊度可显著提升绝对和相对定轨的精度。Precise position information is the key to guaranteeing the successful implementation of low-earthorbit satellite missions.The fixing of carrier phase ambiguities is important for the precise positioning and precise orbit determination of the GPS.The satellite-end hardware bias was corrected by using the observation specific bias product,and the receiver-end bias was eliminated by using the inter-satellite single difference to fix the single receiver ambiguity.Swarm satellite-borne measured data was used to carry out kinematic absolute and relative orbit determination,and the single-satellite ambiguity and double-difference ambiguity were fixed respectively to research the influence of fixing ambiguities on kinematic orbit determination accuracy.The results show that fixing ambiguities can significantly improve orbit determination accuracy.The standard deviation of the satellite laser ranging(SLR)residuals for the reduced dynamic single difference ambiguity resolution(SD-AR)orbit as a reference is better than 10 mm,which is improved by 20%compared with that of the floating solution.For kinematic absolute orbit determination,the orbit determination accuracy of the double difference ambiguity resolution(DD-AR)is improved by 26%compared with that of the floating solution,and the accuracy of the SD-AR is improved by 46%.For kinematic relative orbit determination,the baseline accuracy of the SD-AR and DD-AR of the Swarm-AC formation is improved by 40%compared with that of the floating solution.For the Swarm-AB and Swarm-BC formation satellites on heterogeneous orbits,observation data of specific periods are selected for relative orbit determination.Compared with the floating solution results,the baseline accuracy of the SD-AR is improved by 48%,and the accuracy of the DD-AR is improved by 54%.Fixing the carrier phase ambiguity in the kinematic orbit determination of low-earthorbit satellites can significantly improve the accuracy of absolute and relative orbit determination.

关 键 词：Swarm星座 模糊度固定 运动学方法 绝对定轨 相对定轨 

分 类 号：P228[天文地球—大地测量学与测量工程]