利用时间:《清实录》时辰书写初探  

Utilizing Time:A Study of the Writing of Time in the QINGSHILU

作　　者：谢盛 Xie Sheng

机构地区：[1]武汉工程大学马克思主义学院,湖北武汉430073

出　　处：《史学史研究》2024年第4期30-40,共11页Journal of Historiography

摘　　要：《清实录》超越了一般编年体“以事系日—以日系月—以月系季—以季系年”的四层计时结构,在部分史实叙述中增加了时辰,形成包括“以事系辰”在内的五层计时结构。一方面,《清实录》中部分史料对时辰的保留和书写,蕴含着实录馆臣的特殊用意,是中国古代“利用时间”观念的深刻体现,反映出修纂者对天象、天机的敬畏之心,对清朝创业、拓疆和守土之赫赫武功的崇敬之情,对皇权崇拜和对皇族尊尊亲亲之观念的突显,以及对皇权中心之帝京的重视。另一方面,《清实录》对时辰的书写,反映出私史、地方史对国史的渗透和影响。将皇帝个人时间和微观叙事载入实录这样的国史之中,反映出传统社会家国同构的基本特征。The QINGSHILU goes beyond the four tiers timing system in the general annals,namely“events are recodings by days,days by months,months by quarters,and quarters by years”.It adds time of two-hour period to some historical narratives,forming a five tiers timing system that includes recording events by two-hour period.On the one hand,the writing of time of in two-hour period in some historical materials in the QINGSHILU contains the historians'special intention of the Institute of Shilu,which is a profound reflection of the ancient Chinese concept of utilizing time,and historians'reverence for celestial phenomena and celestial mystery and the outstanding military accomplishments of fouding a state,and exploiting and defending the boundary in the Qing Dynasty,and the historians'adoration of imperial power and the concept of respecting the elder and uniting relatives in the imperial family,as well as the importance of capital as the center of imperial power.On the other hand,the writing of the time two-hour period in QINGSHILU reflects the influence of private history and local history on national history.The recording of the emperors'personal time and micro narratives in the Veritable Records reflects the basic characteristics of isostructuralism of family and state in traditional society.

关 键 词：时辰 《清实录》 利用时间 历史书写 

分 类 号：K092[历史地理—历史学]