物理缔合增韧水凝胶及其黏弹行为研究进展  

Recent Progress in the Design of Tough Hydrogels with Physical Associations and Their Viscoelastic Behaviors

作　　者：徐思瑞 杜淼[1] 郑强[1] 吴子良 XU Si-rui;DU Miao;ZHENG Qiang;WU Zi-liang(Department of Polymer Science and Engineering,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学高分子科学与工程学系,杭州310058

出　　处：《高分子通报》2025年第2期354-369,共16页Polymer Bulletin

摘　　要：水凝胶作为一类含有大量水的三维网络聚合物,具有与生物软组织类似的结构特征,在医学、工程等领域具有广泛应用。近年来,通过引入离子键、氢键等物理缔合作用,研究者们成功制备了多种具有优异力学性能的水凝胶,其宏观性能与物理键及其缔合体的松弛关系密切相关;力学测试与流变学相结合已成为研究其增韧机制及结构-性能关系的有效手段。本文以物理键动态特征及其对水凝胶力学、黏弹行为的影响为纽带,梳理该领域的研究进展。首先,介绍了几种理想高分子网络中物理键的松弛行为,讨论了Sticky-reptation模型在描述含物理缔合作用水凝胶黏弹行为中的应用;其次,探讨了物理键如何影响高强韧水凝胶的宏观性能,并运用物理网络模型建立微观结构与宏观性能之间的联系;此外,进一步讨论了物理键之外的其他因素对水凝胶的动态力学及黏弹行为的影响,以及通过物理键调控水凝胶宏观性能的途径;最后,对水凝胶领域发展所面临的挑战与机遇进行了展望。Hydrogels,as a class of three-dimensional polymer network containing large amount of water,exhibit characteristics similar to soft biotissues,affording them with broad applications in biomedical and engineering fields.In recent years,scientists have developed various tough hydrogels with excellent mechanical properties by incorporating physical associations such as ionic bonds,hydrogen bonds,etc.The macroscopic properties of these hydrogels are closely related to the dynamics of physical bonds and their associations.The combination of mechanical test and rheological analysis has become a powerful approach to investigate the toughening me chanism and to reveal the structureproperty relationship of hydrogels.This review focuses on the dynamic feature of physical bonds and their influences on mechanical and viscoelastic behaviors of the hydrogels,by summarizing recent advances in this field.First,we introduce the relaxation behavior of physical bonds in ideal polymer networks and discuss the application of sticky-reptation model in describing the viscoelastic behavior of hydrogels with physical associations.Next,we explore how physical bonds affect the macroscopic properties of tough hydrogels,and employ physical network models to correlate their microstructures and macroscopic performances.Additionally,we consider other factors that impact the mechanical and viscoelastic behaviors of hydrogels,as well as strategies for modulating their properties of gels with physical bonds.Finally,we provide an outlook on the challenges and opportunities facing the development of hydrogels in this field.

关 键 词：水凝胶 物理键 力学性能 增韧机制 黏弹行为 

分 类 号：O648.17[理学—物理化学]