25岁及以下人工流产女性避孕情况调查  

Survey on the contraceptive status among women with induced abortion aged 25 years and below

作　　者：李来宝 徐珉[2] 曾友玲 王宝金 韦玲[5] 马丽红 吴尚纯 LI Laibao;XU Min;ZENG Youling;WANG Baojin;WEI Ling;MA Lihong;WU Shangchun(National Research Institute for Family Planning,Beijing,100081;Huaian Maternal and child Health Care Hospital,Jiangsu Province;Wuhan Maternal and child Health Care Hospital,Hubei Province;The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University;Yangzhou Maternal and child Health Care Hospital,Jiangsu Province;Shenyang Maternal and child Health Care Hospital,Liaoning Province)

机构地区：[1]国家卫生健康委科学技术研究所,北京100081 [2]江苏省淮安市妇幼保健院 [3]湖北省武汉市妇幼保健院 [4]郑州大学第三附属医院 [5]江苏省扬州市妇幼保健院 [6]辽宁省沈阳市妇幼保健院

出　　处：《中国计划生育学杂志》2025年第2期252-256,262,共6页Chinese Journal of Family Planning

基　　金：中国人口福利基金会你我健康青春基金。

摘　　要：目的:了解≤25岁人工流产女性的避孕情况。方法:在10省15家医院,对2021年3月-2022年8月自愿要求人工流产的≤25岁早孕女性的避孕情况进行问卷调查。结果:调查对象中年龄≤19岁者占11.8%,未婚者占75.7%,15.7%的人有生育史,31.5%的人此前做过人工流产。本次非意愿妊娠的原因,约50%的人未避孕,1375例避孕失败者中,高达47.1%的人使用避孕套。有关避孕方法效果和对今后生育影响的8道判断题,正确率均<50%。>60%的调查对象对今后的生育计划回答为“没有想好”,542人(19.4%)表示在人工流产后或今后会选择长效可逆避孕方法(LARC)且无顾虑。logistic回归分析显示,年龄24~25岁、有人工流产史、知道放置宫内节育器(IUD)是高效避孕方法、知道取出IUD或皮下埋植剂后即可备孕,及2年后有生育意愿或今后无生育意愿是年轻女性选择LARC的促进因素。结论:≤25岁人工流产女性的避孕状况堪忧,应通过加强健康教育和咨询服务,提高青少年LARC的落实率,有效避免人工流产,保护青少年女性的生育力。Objective: To understand the contraceptive status of women with induced abortion aged 25 years and below. Methods: In 15 hospitals from 10 provinces, a questionnaire survey was conducted on the contraceptive status of the pregnant women ≤25 years old who wanted induced abortion during the first trimester of pregnancy from March 2021 to August 2022. Results: 11.8% of the respondents were under 19 years old, 75.7% of the respondents were unmarried, 15.7% of the respondents had given birth and 31.5% of the respondents had induced abortion history. The reason for this unintended pregnancy, about half of them did not use any contraception. 1375 women with contraceptive failures, up to 47.1% of them used condoms. The correct rate of 8 questions about the effect of contraceptive method and its influence on the future fertility was less than 50%. More than 60% respondents were "not sure" about their future fertility planning and 542(19.4%) respondents said they would choose long-acting reversible(LARC) after abortion or in the future. Logistic regression analysis showed that the age 24-25 years old, the history of induced abortion, the knowledge about that intrauterine device(IUD) as a highly effective contraceptive method, the knowledge about that the pregnancy preparing immediately after IUD or subdermal implant removal, and the desire of giving birth after 2 years or the desire without child in the future of the young women were the promoting factors for their choosing LARC. Conclusion: The contraceptive status of the women with induced abortion aged 25 years and below is worrying.It is necessary to strengthen the health education and consultation services to improve the implementation rate of LARC of the women with induced abortion aged 25years and below,to effectively avoid induced abortion and to protect the fertility of the adolescent women.

关 键 词：25岁及以下青少年女性 人工流产 避孕 长效可逆避孕方法 

分 类 号：R169.42[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]