产后6个月母乳喂养现况及影响因素的调查研究  

Investigation of the current status and the influencing factors of the breastfeeding of women within postpartum 6 months

作　　者：马佳妮 崔巍 张莺 吴燕 金龙妹 MA Jiani;CUI Wei;ZHANG Ying;WU Yan;JIN Longmei(Minhang District Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital,Shanghai,201102)

机构地区：[1]上海市闵行区妇幼保健院,201102

出　　处：《中国计划生育学杂志》2025年第2期257-262,共6页Chinese Journal of Family Planning

基　　金：上海市闵行区卫健委科研课题(2022MW22)。

摘　　要：目的:了解产后6个月母乳喂养现状,探究影响母乳喂养的相关因素。方法:选取2023年2-6月闵行区836名6~10个月妇女为调查对象,调查其母乳喂养情况,分析影响母乳喂养的相关因素。结果:有效调查814名妇女,产后6个月母乳喂养率82.9%(675/814),纯母乳喂养率41.4%(337/814)。多因素logistic回归分析显示,年龄21~25岁、26~30岁、≥35岁(OR=2.446、2.258、2.341,95%CI 1.106~5.409、1.203~4.240、1.135~4.831)和亲喂(OR=3.837,95%CI 2.517~5.849)及产后未工作(OR=2.785,95%CI 1.795~4.323)是产后6个月纯母乳喂养的促进因素,患有妊娠期糖尿病(OR=0.573,95%CI 0.347~0.946)是产后6个月纯母乳喂养的不利因素。结论:为提高母乳喂养率尤其是6个月纯母乳喂养率,应予以社会支持、针对不同群体根据其生理特点和可能面临的特殊情况进行个性化指导。Objective: To understand the current situation of the breastfeeding of women within postpartum 6 months in Minhang district of Shanghai, and to explore the relevant factors affecting the breastfeeding of the women. Methods: 836 women within postpartum 6-10 months from Minhang district between February and June 2023 were selected as the respondents in this investigation. The breastfeeding situation of the women was investigated and the relevant factors affecting breastfeeding of the women were analyzed. Results: 814 women were investigated effectively. The breastfeeding rate of the women within postpartum 6 months was 82.9%(675/814) and the exclusive breastfeeding rate of them was 41.4%(337/814) at. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the age of 21-25 years old, 26-30 years old and ≥35 years old(OR=2.446, 2.258 and 2.341, 95%CI 1.106-5.409, 1.203-4.240 and 1.135-4.831) and the breastfeeding(OR=3.837, 95%CI 2.517-5.849) and the no work after delivery(OR=2.785, 95%CI 1.795-4.323) of the women within postpartum 6 months were the promoting factors for their exclusive breastfeeding, while the gestational diabetes mellitus(OR=0.573, 95%CI 0.347-0.946) of the women within postpartum 6 months was the risk factor of their exclusive breastfeeding. Conclusion: In order to increase the breastfeeding rate, especially the exclusive breastfeeding rate of the women within postpartum 6 months, the social support should be given to these women. And the individualized guidance should be given to the women within postpartum 6 months after delivery according to their physiological characteristics and their special situations faced.

关 键 词：产后6个月 母乳喂养 纯母乳喂养 影响因素 

分 类 号：R174.4[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]