移动路径相似的台风初入鲁南时的雨滴谱特征差异分析  

Analysis of Differences in Raindrop Spectrum Characteristics of Typhoons with Similar Moving Paths When First Entering Southern Shandong

作　　者：赵勇 马兆越 王瑜 ZHAO Yong;MA Zhaoyue;WANG Yu(Zaozhuang Meteorological Bureau,Shandong,Zaozhuang 277800;Key Laboratory for Meteorological Disaster Prevention and Mitigation of Shandong,Jinan 250031)

机构地区：[1]山东省枣庄市气象局,枣庄277800 [2]山东省气象防灾减灾重点实验室,济南250031

出　　处：《气象科技》2025年第1期47-60,共14页Meteorological Science and Technology

基　　金：山东省气象局面上项目(2019sdqxm16);枣庄市气象局重点项目(2020zzqxz01)共同资助。

摘　　要：利用降水现象仪、自动气象站观测资料和热带气象最佳路径数据集,以移动路径相似的台风“摩羯”(1814)和“烟花”(2106)初入山东南部时引发的大暴雨过程为例,分析移动路径相似的台风在同一地理位置环境下的雨滴谱和积分参数的变化特征,结果表明:①两个台风雨滴谱均为单峰型结构,“摩羯”R(雨强)增大主要受D m(质量加权平均直径)增大、次要受lg N w(标准化截距参数对数)增大的影响,而“烟花”R增大受D m增大的影响。②两个台风的D m随R增大逐渐增大,μ(形状因子)和λ(斜率参数)随R增大逐渐减小,“摩羯”lg N w随R增大稍微增大,“烟花”lg N w随R增大基本不变。③“摩羯”对流降水既有大陆性也有海洋性,其形成机制主要是以暖雨-冰相混合和冰相两类为主;“烟花”对流降水以海洋性为主,其形成机制主要是以碰并增长暖云为主,还有少部分暖雨-冰相混合。④应用Z=300R 1.4会稍高估“摩羯”降水而低估“烟花”降水,“摩羯”、“烟花”对流云降水分别为非典型直径控制和浓度-直径混合控制的雨滴谱特征。The rainstorms caused by typhoons are one of the major disasters in China.The raindrop spectrum is the basic microphysical characteristic of precipitation.With the deployment of a large number of precipitation phenomena instruments,the observation and analysis of the raindrop spectrum has become an important way to study the physical characteristics of cloud precipitation.By analysing the raindrop spectrum characteristics of typhoons,the physical process and internal mechanism of cloud precipitation can be deeply explored.In order to analyse the variations in raindrop size distribution(DSD)and integrated parameters of typhoons with similar movement paths under the same geographical conditions,this study examines the heavy rainfall events triggered by typhoons“Yagi”(1814)and“In-Fa”(2106)when they first enter southern Shandong at the Taierzhuang National Meteorological Observatory.Utilising precipitation measurement instruments,automatic meteorological station data,and tropical meteorological best track datasets during the influence periods of the two typhoons,the Gamma distribution parameters,N 0(intercept parameter),μ(shape factor),andλ(slope parameter),as well as the normalised function parameters,N w(normalised intercept parameter),D m(mass-weighted mean diameter),N T(raindrop concentration),R(rain rate),and Z(radar reflectivity factor),are computed using the moment method.The relationships and correlations among these parameters are analysed.The results indicate that:(1)Both typhoons exhibit an unimodal raindrop size distribution with concentrations of medium and small raindrops as the main components.For“Yagi,”the increase in R is primarily influenced by an increase in D m and secondarily by an increase in lg N w,whereas for“In-Fa,”the increase in R is mainly influenced by D m.(2)For both typhoons,D m increases with R,whileμandλdecrease with R.The lg N w for“Yagi”slightly increases with R,whereas for“In-Fa,”lg N w remains nearly unchanged with R.(3)The convective precipitation of�

关 键 词：摩羯 烟花 雨滴谱 GAMMA函数 

分 类 号：P426[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]