石榴皮提取物抗鸡球虫提取工艺优化  

Optimization of Orthogonal Design for Extraction of Pomegranate Peel against Chicken Coccidia

作　　者：刘婧 王京龙[1,2] 高丽丽 张肖 卢永慧 张立华 LIU Jing;WANG Jinglong;GAO Lili;ZHANG Xiao;LU Yonghui;ZHANG Lihua(School of Pharmacy,Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Jinan 250300,China;College of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering,Zaozhuang College,Zaozhuang 277100,China)

机构地区：[1]山东中医药大学药学院,山东济南250300 [2]枣庄学院食品科学与制药工程学院,山东枣庄277100

出　　处：《特产研究》2025年第1期26-33,共8页Special Wild Economic Animal and Plant Research

基　　金：山东省重点研发计划项目(2022TZXD0019)。

摘　　要：鸡球虫是艾美耳科、艾美耳属的原虫,对养殖业危害严重。石榴皮作为一种常见中药,具有抑菌杀虫等丰富的药理作用。为优化石榴皮提取物抗鸡球虫的提取工艺,本研究采用L_(9)(3^(4))正交设计试验法,以球虫孢子化率为指标,考察乙醇浓度、提取时间、提取温度和物料比对石榴皮提取工艺的影响,探究石榴皮提取物的抗球虫作用。设置水提物组、阳性对照组(10%磺胺氯吡嗪钠)、阴性对照组(2.5%重铬酸钾)比较与乙醇提取物的抗球虫作用。结果表明,采用50%乙醇提取,在50℃提取90 min,物料比为1:10抗球虫效果最好,所得石榴皮乙醇提取物效果显著优于水提物及磺胺氯吡嗪钠,且醇提物具有显著的持续抑制作用。在药物浓度为0.5~5 mg/mL范围内,浓度对孢子化率表现出显著性影响多在除去药物后,且大部分浓度越高,孢子化率越低。研究结果可为治疗鸡球虫病提供依据。Chicken coccidia is a protozoan from Eimeria family and Eimeria genus,which is a serious harm to the aquaculture industry.As a common traditional Chinese medicine,pomegranate peel has rich pharmacological effects such as antibacterial and parasite killing.In order to optimize the extraction process of pomegranate peel extract against coccididia,the L_(9)(3^(4))orthogonal design experimental method was used to investigate the effects of ethanol concentration,extraction time,extraction temperature and material ratio on the extraction process of pomegranate peel,and to explore the anticoccididial effect ofpomegranate peel extract.The sporulation rate of coccidioides was used as the index.The aqueous extract group,the positive control group(10%sulfamethoxazine sodium)and the negative control group(2.5%potassium dichromate)were set up to compare the anticoccidial effect of the water extract with that of the ethanol extract.The results showed that the best anticoccidial effect was obtained by extracting the pomegranate peel with 50%ethanol at 50℃for 90 min,and the ratio of material was 1:10.The ethanol extract of the obtained pomegranate peel was significantly better than the aqueous extract and sulfadiazine sodium,and the ethanol extract had a significant and sustained inhibition effect.In the range of 0.5~5 mg/mL,the concentration showed a significant effect on the sporulation rate after the removal of the drug,and most of the higher the concentration,the lower the sporulation rate.The results may provide a basis for the treatment of coccidiosis in chickens.

关 键 词：石榴皮提取物 鸡球虫 孢子化率 提取工艺 正交试验 

分 类 号：R284.2[医药卫生—中药学]