逐级递进式高耗能抗撞磁流变阻尼器设计  

Step-by-step Progressive Design of High Energy Consumption Anti-collision Magnetorheological Dampers

作　　者：孟壮 于国军[1] 何骏 叶晓龙 高飞 MENG Zhuang;YU Guo-jun;HE Jun;YE Xiao-long;GAO Fei(Faculty of Civil Engineering and Mechanics,Jiangsu University,Zhenjiang 212013,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏大学土木工程与力学学院,镇江212013

出　　处：《科学技术与工程》2025年第5期1896-1903,共8页Science Technology and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(12372091);江苏省重点研发项目(BE2022162)。

摘　　要：为了更好地保护桥墩与船舶安全,针对桥墩防撞装置多为被动式耗能,其动态响应及防撞耗能效果较差,装置适应性有限等问题设计了一种适用于桥墩的逐级递进式高耗能抗撞磁流变阻尼器。通过建立力学模型确立了阻尼器结构参数;使用有限元对结构强度及磁路进行分析。结果表明:结构部件强度满足要求,2 A电流下间隙处磁感应强度可达到1.2 T;缸筒内设置3个活塞,在不同的撞深位移下可协同工作,将阻尼器的耗能分成3个阶段,无电流下最小阻尼力为15 kN,最大阻尼力为496 kN,阻尼力随着位移的变大增加了481 kN;2.5 A电流下阻尼力随位移从78 kN增大到1204 kN,提升了约15倍。有效提高了阻尼器的出力且实现分级递进式抗冲耗能的优良效果;在桥墩防撞装置中应用可实现半主动式防撞耗能。理论与有限元仿真结果基本吻合,证明了阻尼器设计的合理性。In order to better protect the safety of bridge piers and ships,a step-by-step progressive high energy consumption anticollision magnetorheological damper for bridge piers was designed for the problems of passive energy dissipation,poor dynamic response and anti-collision energy dissipation,and limited adaptability of the device.The structural parameters of the damper were established through the establishment of a mechanical model.The structural strength and magnetic circuit were analyzed using finite elements.The results show that the strength of the structural components meets the requirements,the magnetic induction strength at the gap under 2 A current can reach about 1.2 T,three pistons are set up in the cylinder barrel,which can work together under different crash depth displacements to divide the energy dissipation of the damper into three stages,the minimum damping force under no current is 15 kN,the maximum damping force is 496 kN,and the damping force improves with displacement by 481 kN.The damping force under 2.5 A current increases with displacement from 78 kN to 1204 kN,which is an improvement of about 15 times.It effectively improve the force of the damper and achieve the excellent effect of graded progressive impact energy dissipation.The application in the bridge pier collision avoidance device can achieve semi-active collision avoidance energy dissipation.The theoretical and finite element simulation results basically coincide with each other,proving the rationality of the damper design.

关 键 词：逐级递进 抗撞耗能 磁流变阻尼器 结构设计 有限元分析 

分 类 号：TH122[机械工程—机械设计及理论]