承包制在保育育肥猪饲养管理中的实践效果和经济效益分析  

Analysis of Practical Effects and Economic Benefits of the Contract System in the Feeding and Management of Nursery and Finishing Pigs

作　　者：梁龙华[1,2] 黄小惠 覃国喜 孙如水 马啸宇 陈文烨 何日靖 蓝晓飞 高开国 LIANG Longhua;HUANG Xiaohui;QIN Guoxi;SUN Rushui;MA Xiaoyu;CHEN Wenye;HE Rijing;LAN Xiaofei;GAO Kaiguo(College of Animal Science and Technology,Guangxi University,Nanning Guangxi 530004;Guangxi Agricultural Reclamation Yongxin Animal Husbandry Group Jingguang Co.,Ltd,Nanning Guangxi 530000;Guangxi Agricultural Reclamation Yongxin Animal Husbandry Group Liangqi Co.,Ltd,Nanning Guangxi 530317;Guangxi Preschool Teachers College,Nanning Guangxi 530000;Institute of Animal Science,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guangzhou Guangdong 510640)

机构地区：[1]广西大学动物科学技术学院,广西南宁530004 [2]广西农垦永新畜牧集团金光有限公司,广西南宁530042 [3]广西农垦永新畜牧集团良圻原种猪场,广西南宁530317 [4]广西幼儿师范高等专科学校,广西南宁530000 [5]广东省农业科学院动物科学研究所,广东广州510640

出　　处：《广东畜牧兽医科技》2025年第1期88-92,共5页Guangdong Journal of Animal and Veterinary Science

基　　金：广西欧洲型PRRSV监测调查及其ORF5基因分子特征初步研究(广西桂科专项21-3);规模猪场核心种猪群主要疫病净化关键技术研究与示范(南宁市重大项目20232039);农业农村部华南动物营养与饲料重点实验室广西工作站。

摘　　要：近年来,生猪市场行情持续波动的背景下,为寻求降本增效的有效路径,该研究聚焦于内部管理机制的创新,在保育育肥猪饲养管理中引入并实施承包制模式,探索对比分析承包制不同覆盖率(对照组为0,试验Ⅰ组<50%,试验Ⅱ组≥50%和试验Ⅲ组100%)下的饲养管理效果与经济效益,结果表明:与对照组相比,当整个饲养过程中承包制覆盖率≥50%时,尽管末重、平均日增重、料重比、育肥效率指数(FSA)、死亡率、饲料增重成本无显著差异(P>0.05),但育肥增重成本极显著降低(P<0.01);当承包制覆盖率为100%时,末重及FSA极显著增加(P<0.01),料重比、死亡率、饲料增重成本、育肥增重成本极显著降低(P<0.01);按育肥猪销售单价18元/kg计,试验组Ⅱ、Ⅲ的育肥平均利润明显得到提升。综上,育肥承包制显著提升生产业绩,有效缩减生产成本,提高经济效益,而深层次原因分析揭示,养猪实行承包制能够激发员工的劳动积极性与主动性,这为生猪养殖业的可持续发展提供了有力的内部管理机制创新方向。In recent years,in the context of the continuous fluctuation of the live pig market,in order to seek an effective path to reduce costs and increase efficiency,this study focused on the innovation of internal management mechanism,introduced and implemented the contract system model in the feeding management of nurseries and finishing pigs,and explored and analyzed different coverage rates of the contract system(0 in the control group,test group I&Ⅱ;50%,trial groupⅡ≥50%and trial groupⅢ100%)of feeding management and economic benefits.The results showed that:compared with the control group,there were no significant differences in final weight,average daily gain,feed to gain ratio,FSA,mortality and feed weight gain cost in experimental groupⅡwhen the contract system coverage rate was≥50%during the whole feeding process(P>0.05),but the fattening and weight gain cost was significantly decreased(P<0.01);When the coverage rate of contract system was 100%,the final weight and FSA of trial groupⅢincreased significantly(P<0.01),feed to gain ratio,mortality rate,feed weight gain cost and fattening weight gain cost were significantly decreased(P<0.01).To sum up,the fattening contract system significantly improves production performance,effectively reduces production costs,and improves economic benefits.According to the fattening pig sales unit price of 18 yuan/kg,the average fattening profit of test groupⅡandⅢwas improved.The deep-level reason analysis reveals that the implementation of the pig contract system can stimulate the labor enthusiasm and initiative of employees,which provides a powerful internal management mechanism innovation direction for the sustainable development of the pig farming industry.

关 键 词：承包制 保育育肥猪 育肥增重成本 

分 类 号：S8-9[农业科学—畜牧兽医]