梵净山冷杉球果性状、生态位特征及其保育初探  

Preliminary study on cone traits,niche characteristics,and conservation of Abies fanjingshanensis

作　　者：吴先亮 陈胜 刘盈盈[1] WU Xianliang;CHEN Sheng;LIU Yingying(Guizhou Institute of Biology,Guizhou Academy of Sciences,Guiyang 550009,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州科学院贵州省生物研究所,贵州贵阳550009

出　　处：《贵州科学》2025年第1期1-5,共5页Guizhou Science

基　　金：贵州科学院青年基金(黔科院J字〔2024〕15号);贵州科学院青年基金(黔科院J字〔2021〕13号)。

摘　　要：为保护近年来濒危珍稀植物梵净山冷杉,加强对梵净山冷杉生长环境的认识,采用重要值、生态位宽度以及生物多样性对梵净山冷杉生长环境进行样地研究。同时,本研究还考察了不同时期球果及种子的发育及形态变化,并利用4种不同处理方式初探梵净山冷杉育种效果。结果表明,2021年到2023年间的调查,梵净山冷杉样地的生物多样性和生态位宽度在降低。梵净山冷杉球果的成长周期从8月初至11月初,历时约3个月。不同的土壤基质及遮阳情况均会影响梵净山冷杉种子的出苗数量及其植株高度。建议对梵净山冷杉生长情况进行年限跨度更大的长期调查,同时加大对梵净山冷杉真实环境的模拟,以加强梵净山冷杉育种的成功率。In order to protect the endangered Abies fanjingshanensis and enhance the understanding of the growth environment of Abies fanjingshanensis,a sample plot study on the growth environment of Abies fanjingshanensis was conducted based on importance values,niche width,and biodiversity.The development and morphological changes of the cones and seeds at different stages were examined.The breeding effect of Abies fanjingshanensis using four different treatment methods was explored.The results showed that from 2021 to 2023,the biodiversity and niche width of the plot of Abies fanjingshanensis decreased.The growth cycle of cones of Abies fanjingshanensis lasted for about three months from early August to early November.Different soil substrates and shading conditions would affect the emergence rate and plant height of Abies fanjingshanensis.It is necessary to conduct a long-term investigation on the growth of Abies fanjingshanensis,and simulate the real growth environment of Abies fanjingshanensis to improve the success rate of its breeding.

关 键 词：梵净山冷杉 生态位宽度 生物多样性 球果 

分 类 号：X63[环境科学与工程]