中国森林树种多样性对土壤碳氮含量的影响  

Effects of forest tree species diversity on soil carbon and nitrogen contents in China

作　　者：陈佳仪 代莹 张乃莉 Chen Jiayi;Dai Ying;Zhang Naili(State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China;Greening Management Center of Changchun,Changchun 136200,Jilin,China;Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education,College of Forestry,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China;Ecological Observation and Research Station of Heilongjiang Sanjiang Plain Wetlands,National Forestry and Grassland Administration,Shuangyashan 518000,Heilongjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学,林木资源高效生产全国重点实验室,北京100083 [2]吉林省长春市绿化管理中心,吉林长春136200 [3]北京林业大学林学院,森林培育与保护教育部重点实验室,北京100083 [4]国家林业和草原局黑龙江三江平原沼泽草甸生态系统定位观测研究站,黑龙江双鸭山518000

出　　处：《北京林业大学学报》2025年第2期23-31,共9页Journal of Beijing Forestry University

基　　金：北京市自然科学基金面上项目(5222016)。

摘　　要：【目的】揭示不同气候带森林生态系统中土壤碳氮含量对树种多样性的响应差异,并探讨影响这种响应的关键生物和非生物因素。【方法】收集中国热带、亚热带、暖温带和中温带4个森林生态系统树种多样性,土壤碳、氮含量和土壤真菌多样性数据,针对处理组(多个树种)和对照组(单一树种)共计214组数据进行整合分析,使用随机效应模型计算多样性效应值,并分析不同气候带森林生态系统影响树种多样性效应值的生物和非生物变量的解释权重。【结果】不同气候带森林土壤碳、氮含量对树种多样性存在差异性响应,随着纬度梯度增高,树种多样性对土壤碳、氮含量的影响逐渐减弱。热带和亚热带森林较强的树种多样性效应主要源于海拔和土壤pH,而非土壤真菌群落多样性,但是暖温带和中温带森林土壤真菌多样性则是调控树种多样性对土壤碳、氮含量影响的重要因素之一。【结论】中国不同气候带森林生态系统的土壤碳、氮含量对树种多样性的响应格局一定程度上解释了局域尺度研究中森林树种多样性对土壤碳库影响机制的分歧,同时也说明树种多样性的变化对于热带和亚热带森林土壤碳库的影响可能更为剧烈。[Objective] To reveal the differences in the response of soil carbon and nitrogen content to tree species diversity in forest ecosystems in different climatic zones,and to explore the key biotic and abiotic factors affecting this response.[Method] We collected the data of altitude,air temperature,soil properties(including soil carbon(C),nitrogen(N),C/N ratio),as well as fungal diversity from sample plots with both tree species mixtures and monocultures.In total,214 sets of data were used to conduct meta analysis,with a random-effect model calculating effect size.Additionally,the explanatory weights of biotic and abiotic variables influencing the effect of tree richness were analyzed.[Result] We found that the responses of soil C and N contents to tree richness varied across forest ecosystems,with the strength of tree richness effects on soil C and N contents gradually diminishing from tropical to mid-temperate forest ecosystems.Moreover,the effects of tree richness on soil C and N contents in tropical and subtropical forest ecosystems were primarily driven by altitude and soil pH,rather than soil fungal diversity.In contrast,cascading effects of tree richness on soil C and N contents were observed via modulating soil fungal diversity in warm-temperate and mid-temperate forest ecosystems.[Conclusion] The response patterns of soil carbon and nitrogen contents in forest ecosystems of different climate zones in China to tree species diversity,to some extent,explain the variability mechanisms of forest tree species diversity on soil carbon pools in local scale studies,and also indicate that changes in tree species diversity may have a more severe impact on soil carbon pools in tropical and subtropical forests.

关 键 词：森林生态系统 树种多样性 土壤有机碳 土壤全氮 土壤真菌多样性 

分 类 号：S714[农业科学—林学]