旱地抗旱稻种植表现及其“稻+菜”轮作栽培技术  

Performance and “rice+vegetable” rotation cultivation techniques of drought resistant rice in dry land

作　　者：黄惠勇 Huang Huiyong(Dongqiao Town Social Affairs Service Center,Huian County,Fujian Province,Huian 362141,China)

机构地区：[1]福建省惠安县东桥镇社会事务服务中心,福建惠安362141

出　　处：《安徽农学通报》2025年第4期26-29,共4页Anhui Agricultural Science Bulletin

摘　　要：本文结合抗旱稻品种旱优73在福建厦门惠安县东桥镇东湖生产基地的规模种植表现,总结分析了旱地“稻+菜”水旱轮作栽培技术及其优势。该品种在研究区进行“稻+菜”轮作种植,全生育期约128 d,抗白叶枯病和稻瘟病,抗旱性较好;水稻干谷产量7 542.75 kg/hm^(2)。旱作栽培技术包括整地、施基肥和旋耕;拌种或育秧后,进行直播或无水机插秧;按照插秧机轮子行走路线进行田间微喷灌管带布设;出苗后浇好返青水、分蘖水和抽穗灌浆水,以提高秧苗质量和水稻结实率;根据田间苗情,追施分蘖肥、拔节肥和孕穗肥,以培育壮秧;旱地草害较水田多,一般采取封闭除草为主、化学药剂扑杀为辅和人工拔除补救等措施进行防治;根据当地病虫害测报信息,及时防治纹枯病、稻飞虱等病虫害。应用旱地“稻+菜”水旱规模轮作模式和旱地无水机插秧等技术,具有省工降耗、便于水分控制和提高肥料利用率等技术管理优势,以及提高耕地利用效率、节约水资源和改善土壤环境等社会效益。本文为相关地区旱地“稻+菜”水旱规模轮作模式推广应用提供参考。The large-scale planting performance of drought resistant rice variety Hanyou 73 was combined in Donghu Production Base,Dongqiao Town,Huian County,Xiamen,Fujian Province,its “rice+vegetable” water-dry rotation cultivation techniques and its advantages in arid land were summarized and analyzed.This variety was planted in a “rice+vegetable” rotation in the research area,with a total growth period of about 128 days and resistant to bacterial leaf blight and rice blast disease,with good drought resistance;the dry grain yield of rice was 7 542.75 kg/hm^(2).Dryland cultivation techniques include land preparation,application of base fertilizer,and rotary tillage;after seed mixing or seedling cultivation,live broadcasting or waterless machine transplanting is carried out;arrange micro sprinkler irrigation pipe belts in the field according to the walking route of the rice transplanter wheels;after emergence,water the seedlings with water for greening,tillering,and heading filling to improve seedling quality and rice seed setting rate;according to the seedling situation in the field,apply tillering fertilizer,jointing fertilizer,and heading fertilizer to cultivate strong seedlings;dryland has more grass damage than paddy fields,and generally adopts measures such as closed weeding as the main method,chemical pesticides as auxiliary,and manual removal and remediation for prevention and control;according to local pest and disease monitoring information,timely prevention and control of diseases and pests such as sheath blight and rice planthopper.The application of the “rice+vegetable”water-dry rotation model and dryland waterless machine transplanting technology has technical management advantages such as saving labor and reducing consumption,facilitating water control,and improving fertilizer utilization efficiency;and social benefits such as improving farmland utilization efficiency,conserving water resources,and improving soil environment.This article provides a reference for the promotion and application of th

关 键 词：抗旱稻 “稻+菜”轮作 节水灌溉 肥料利用率 

分 类 号：S3-33[农业科学—农艺学]