不同药剂及施药时间对小麦赤霉病田间防效的影响  

Impact of different agents and application time on the field control efficacy of wheat head blight

作　　者：叶徐豪 曾宇浩 倪明 陈红 YE Xuhao;ZENG Yuhao;NI Ming;CHEN Hong(Zhejiang Taizhou Agricultural Materials Co.,Ltd.,Taizhou 318000,China;Linhai Meteorological Bureau,Linhai 317000,China;Syngenta Group Corporation Co.,Ltd.,Nanjing 210000,China;Linhai City Agricultural Technology Extension Center,Linhai 317000,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江省台州市农资股份有限公司,浙江台州318000 [2]临海市气象局,浙江临海317000 [3]先正达集团股份有限公司,江苏南京210000 [4]临海市农业技术推广中心,浙江临海317000

出　　处：《安徽农学通报》2025年第4期30-34,共5页Anhui Agricultural Science Bulletin

摘　　要：以扬麦24为供试材料,对2020、2021和2024年的田间小麦赤霉病发生程度展开调查,分析气候因子对其的影响,探究生育期节点(扬花初期和盛期)、200 g/L氟唑菌酰羟胺SC等药剂及施药频次(1次和2次)对其病穗率、病情指数、病穗防效和病指防效的影响,并观测不同药剂对小麦的安全性。结果表明,持续阴雨天气且日均气温在15℃以上有利于小麦赤霉病的发生,2020年处于轻发状态,2021年偏重发生,2024年处于大流行状态;施用的药剂对小麦生长具有较好的安全性,其中施用200 g/L氟唑菌酰羟胺SC对小麦的感官性状具有一定的提升作用。综合田间防效表明,200 g/L氟唑菌酰羟胺SC对赤霉病的防控效果相对突出,2020年扬花初期偏晚施用1次的病穗率、病情指数、病穗防效和病指防效分别为1.33%、86.05%、0.33和86.05%;在扬花初期施用1次,2021年病穗率、病情指数、病穗防效和病指防效分别为6.41%、85.33%、1.68和90.45%,2024年分别为11.04%、85.20%、3.22和89.93%。综上,赤霉病轻发年份总体防控窗口期较长,扬花初期是小麦赤霉病防治的关键期,把握该时期1次施用合适药剂即能取得较好的防控效果;实际生产中,在小麦扬花初期,推荐施用200 g/L氟唑菌酰羟胺SC 900 mL/hm2,以防治小麦赤霉病。Yangmai 24 as the test material,the incidence of wheat head blight in the field in 2020,2021 and 2024was investigated,and the influence of climate factors on it was analyzed.To explore the effects of growth stage node(early flowering and flowering stage),200 g/L fluzoyl hydroxylamine SC and other agents,and application frequency(1and 2 times) on the disease spike rate,disease index,disease prevention efficiency and disease finger control efficiency of wheat head blight,and observe the safety of different agents on wheat.The results showed that continuous rainy weather with average daily temperature higher than 15 ℃ was conducive to the occurrence of wheat head blight.In 2020,it was mild;in 2021,it was severe;and in 2024,it was pandemic.The applied agents had good safety for wheat growth,the application of 200 g/L fluzoyl hydroxylamine SC had a certain effect on the sensory properties of wheat.The comprehensive field control effect showed that 200 g/L fluzoyl hydroxylamine SC had a relatively prominent control effect on wheat head blight,in 2020,the disease spike rate,disease index,disease prevention effect,and disease finger control effects of the late application at the early flowering stage were 1.33%,86.05%,0.33 and 86.05%,respectively.When applied once at the early flowering stage,the disease spike rate,disease index,disease prevention effect,and disease finger control effects were 6.41%,85.33%,1.68 and 90.45% in 2021,and 11.04%,85.20%,3.22 and 89.93% in 2024,respectively.In conclusion,the overall window period of wheat head blight control in light years was longer,and the early flowering stage was the key period forwheat head blight control.Better control effect could be achieved by applying appropriate agents once during this period.In actual production,at the early flowering stage,it is recommended to apply 200 g/L fluzoyl hydroxylamine SC 900 mL/hm2 to control wheat head blight.

关 键 词：小麦赤霉病 窗口期 施药频次 田间防效 

分 类 号：S435.121.45[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]