新疆白山湖湿地植被调查研究  

Investigation of wetland vegetation in Baishan Lake,Xinjiang

作　　者：周翔 王鹏[2,3] 王秋琰 努尔买买提·艾山江 ZHOU Xiang;WANG Peng;WANG Qiuyan;AYSANJIANG Nurmaimeti(Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Forestry Planning Institute,Urumqi 830011,China;Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Urumqi 830011,China;Cele National Field Science Observation and Research Station of Desert Grassland Ecosystem,Cele 848300,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆维吾尔自治区林业规划院,新疆乌鲁木齐830011 [2]中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830011 [3]新疆策勒荒漠草地生态系统国家野外科学观测实验站,新疆策勒848300

出　　处：《安徽农学通报》2025年第4期73-79,共7页Anhui Agricultural Science Bulletin

摘　　要：为了解新疆白山湖湿地的植被分布状况,采用典型区样方调查法对该湿地植被类型、主要植被类型特征、植物区系组成和植物分布区类型进行调查研究。结果表明,参考《中国植物志》和《新疆植物志》分类系统和原则,根据物种优势度将研究区植被划分为5个植被型组、5个植被型和13个群系,其中沼泽类和水生类群系最能代表该区湿地水生植物特征。本次调查共记录到植物111种,隶属35科81属。按形态结构特征分类:蕨类植物占物种总数的1.8%;被子植物占比98.2%(双子叶植物占比67.9%,单子叶植物占比32.1%)。按植物对水的适应性分类:水生植物28种,占物种总数的25.2%(其中湿生型植物占比35.7%;挺水型植物占比35.7%;沉水型植物占比25.0%;漂浮型植物占比3.6%)。植物区系分析表明单种和寡种科占优势,科和属的地理成分均主要表现为世界广布。本研究为该地区湿地保护管理规划的制定和完善提供参考。To understand the vegetation distribution of Baishan Lake wetland in Xinjiang,the vegetation types,main vegetation type characteristics,flora composition,and plant distribution types of the wetland were investigated by using the typical quadrat survey method.The results showed that,according to the classification system and principles of Flora of China and Flora of Xinjiang,the vegetation in the study area was divided into 5 vegetation type groups,5 vegetation types,and 13 groups based on the species dominance,among which swamp and aquatic groups could best represent the characteristics of wetland aquatic plants in this area.A total of 111 plant species were recorded in this survey,belonging to 35 families and 81 genera.According to the morphological and structural characteristics,pteridophytes accounted for 1.8% of the species;angiosperms accounted for 98.2%(dicotyledonous plants accounted for 67.9%,monocotyledonous plants accounted for 32.1%).According to the adaptability of plants to water:aquatic plants accounted for 25.2% of the species(of which hydrophytic plants accounted for 35.7%;emergent plants accounted for 35.7%;submerged plants accounted for 25.0%;floating plants accounted for 3.6%).The analysis of species distribution showed that monospecific and oligospecific species were dominant,and the geographical components of families and genera were mainly world wide.This paper provides a reference for the formulation and improvement of the protection and management planning of wetland conservation in this area.

关 键 词：白山湖湿地 植被调查 生态系统保护与恢复 城市湿地保护 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]