铁路轨道扣件螺栓识别传感器的研制与应用  

Development and application of fastener bolt identification sensor for railway tracks

作　　者：杨勇 周元华[1] 刘航铭 宋智慧 赵彦淇 董康康 江先明 YANG Yong;ZHOU Yuanhua;LIU Hangming;SONG Zhihui;ZHAO Yanqi;DONG Kangkang;JIANG Xianming

机构地区：[1]长江大学机械工程学院,湖北荆州434023 [2]湖北省地质局第七地质大队,湖北宜昌443000 [3]湖北瑞立德科技有限公司,湖北武汉430051

出　　处：《现代机械》2025年第1期58-63,共6页Modern Machinery

基　　金：国家科技重大专项(2016ZX05022006-004,2017ZX05009-003);NSFC-石油化工联合基金(U1762214,U1262108);西南石油大学油气储层地质与开发国家重点实验室开放基金(PLN2022-17)。

摘　　要：目前全国铁路扣件螺栓防腐养护工作量大,现有的扣件螺栓涂油设备存在螺栓感应不准确、轨道上有障碍时不能感应等问题,导致不能实现设备对扣件螺栓的定点定量涂油,针对这一缺陷,设计了一种轨道扣件螺栓识别传感器。通过分析铁路轨道扣件螺栓实际分布情况,对识别传感器进行了设计及优化,创新性地设计了可自适应轨道扣件螺栓位置的摆臂结构,实现了传感器对不同高度分布的轨道扣件螺栓的精准识别;根据识别传感器与涂油设备喷油口的相对安装位置,通过计算机控制技术,实现了涂油设备对轨道扣件螺栓识别与涂油的联动,采用补偿算法实现设备喷油开始时间及持续时间的精确控制。将识别传感器应用于扣件螺栓涂油装置现场试验,结果表明,传感器可完成对轨道上不同情况扣件螺栓的识别,识别精度达99%,涂油设备对扣件螺栓的油脂喷涂覆盖率最低可达96.6%,且不会出现现有设备存在的误识别情况。At present,the workload of railway fastener bolts anticorrosion maintenance is heavy,and the existing fastener bolt oiling equipment has the problems of inaccurate bolt detection,and unable to detect obstacles on the track.Aiming at the defect,a kind of track fastener bolt identification sensor is designed.By analyzing the actual distribution of railway track fastener bolts,the identification sensor is designed and optimized,and a swing arm structure that can adapt to the position of rail fastener bolts is designed to realize accurate identification of track fastener bolts distributed at different heights.According to the relative installation position of the identification sensor and the oil sprayer,the linkage between bolt identification and oiling is realized through computer control technology,and the compensation algorithm is used to realize accurate control of the starting time and duration of the oiling process.The results show that the sensor can complete the identification of fastener bolts on the track in different situations,with an accuracy of 99%;the oil coverage rate of fastener bolts can reach at least 96.6%;there is no false identification.

关 键 词：扣件螺栓 防腐 识别传感器 计算机控制 

分 类 号：U216.68[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]