2014—2021年泰安市PM_(2.5)和O_(3)复合污染特征及其气象成因分析  

Analysis of compound pollution characteristics of PM_(2.5) and O_(3) and their meteorological causes in Tai′an city from 2014 to 2021

作　　者：栾兆鹏 卢慧超[1,2] 史俊南 LUAN Zhaopeng;LU Huichao;SHI Junnan(Key Laboratory for Meteorological Disaster Prevention and Mitigation of Shandong,Jinan 250031,China;Tai′an Meteorological Bureau,Tai′an 271000,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省气象防灾减灾重点实验室,山东济南250031 [2]泰安市气象局,山东泰安271000

出　　处：《气象与环境学报》2024年第6期28-34,共7页Journal of Meteorology and Environment

基　　金：中国气象局复盘总结专项(FPZJ2023-075);山东省气象局面上项目(2023sdqxm12);山东省气象局引导类项目(2022SDYD18,2023SDYD24)共同资助。

摘　　要：选用2014—2021年泰安市地面气象观测资料、大气污染物监测资料及欧洲中期数值预报中心(ECMWF)提供的ERA5资料,分析该地区的PM_(2.5)和O_(3)复合污染特征、气象成因及复合污染期间PM_(2.5)与O_(3)的相互作用。结果表明:泰安市PM_(2.5)和O_(3)复合污染严重,月超标小时数为单峰型分布,具有显著的季节变化特征,气温和相对湿度较高、风速较小条件下更易发生PM_(2.5)和O_(3)复合污染。应用PCA与K均值聚类法将泰安市复合污染天气分为高压后部型、均压场型、鞍型场型、弱低压前部型、高压底部型5种类型,其中,高压后部型发生复合污染频率最高。泰安市PM_(2.5)和O_(3)相互作用分析表明,冬季、夏季二者均存在显著相关,夏季的大气氧化性以O_(3)的氧化作用为主,不同强度光化学水平下的大气PM_(2.5)浓度贡献率均为一次排放大于二次生成;冬季的大气氧化性较弱,随PM_(2.5)浓度增大,太阳直接辐射减弱,O_(3)峰值浓度减小,表明PM_(2.5)对O_(3)的生成存在一定的抑制作用。Based on surface meteorological observation data,air pollutant monitoring data from 2014 to 2021 in Tai′an city,and ERA5 reanalysis data provided by the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts(ECMWF),this study analyzes the characteristics of PM_(2.5) and O_(3) compound pollution,the meteorological causes,and the interactions between PM_(2.5) and O_(3) during compound pollution periods in this region.The results show that compound pollution by PM_(2.5) and O_(3) is a significant issue in Tai′an city,with monthly exceedance hours showing a unimodal distribution and significant seasonal variation characteristics.The compound pollution is more likely to occur under conditions of high temperature,high relative humidity,and low wind speed.Using Principal Component Analysis(PCA)and K-means clustering methods,the weather patterns associated with compound pollution in Tai′an city are classified into five types:rear of high pressure type,uniform pressure field type,saddle field type,front of weak low pressure type,and bottom of high pressure type,with the rear of high pressure type showing the highest frequency of compound pollution occurrence.Analysis of the interactions between PM_(2.5) and O_(3) in Tai′an city indicates significant correlations in both winter and summer.In summer,atmospheric oxidation is dominated by O_(3) oxidation,and the contribution rate of atmospheric PM_(2.5) concentration under various photochemical intensity levels shows that primary emissions surpass secondary formation.In winter,with weak atmospheric oxidation,increasing PM_(2.5) concentrations,lead to reduced direct solar radiation and decreased O_(3) peak concentrations,indicating that PM_(2.5) has an inhibitory effect on O_(3) formation.

关 键 词：复合污染 气象因素 天气类型 

分 类 号：X51[环境科学与工程—环境工程]