塔克拉玛干沙漠南缘灌丛沙堆土壤动物洞穴特征及其对优先流的影响  

Characteristics of soil fauna burrows and how they affect preferential flow in nebkha in the southern edge of the Taklimakan Desert

作　　者：李伟[1] 康向光 袁志斌 周杰[3] 马学喜 LI Wei;KANG Xiangguang;YUAN Zhibin;ZHOU Jie;MA Xuexi(China Academy of Transportation Sciences,Beijing 100029;Xinhe County Agricultural Technology Extension Center,Xinhe 842100;Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Urumqi 83001l;Research Center for Ecology and Environment of Central Asia,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Urumqi 830011,China)

机构地区：[1]交通运输部科学研究院,北京100029 [2]新和县农业技术推广中心,新和842100 [3]中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所,乌鲁木齐830011 [4]中国科学院中亚生态与环境研究中心,乌鲁木齐830011

出　　处：《干旱区资源与环境》2025年第2期183-191,共9页Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment

基　　金：第三次新疆综合科学考察项目(2021xjkk0301);新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金面上项目(2024D01A142)资助。

摘　　要：泡泡刺灌丛沙堆在防治荒漠化和维持绿洲稳定方面发挥着重要作用。通过野外调查塔克拉玛干沙漠南缘灌丛沙堆和原位染色示踪试验,分析土壤动物洞穴在泡泡刺灌丛沙堆上的数量和分布特征,以及对土壤优先流特性的影响。结果表明:1)泡泡刺灌丛沙堆土壤动物洞穴数量在不同方向上的分布存在显著差异(p<0.05),其中,东向区域分布数量最多(28.7±2.3个),南向区域分布数量次之(21.7±3.1个),最后是西向区域(17.3±2.3个)和北向区域(14.7±1.5个)。2)泡泡刺灌丛沙堆土壤优先流特征参数在不同方向上均存在显著差异(p<0.05),东向区域和南向区域存在较强的土壤优先流。3)土壤洞穴数量仅与土壤优先流百分比和染色变异性指数呈显著正相关(p<0.05),与其它指标无显著相关性(p>0.05)。冗余分析表明,植物根长密度(>2mm)和较高土壤含水量促进了优先流路径的产生。该研究结果阐明了泡泡刺灌丛沙堆不同方向土壤优先流的特征及其影响因素,可为研究荒漠地区土壤水分运动过程提供科学依据。An essential ecological function of Nitraria sphaerocarpa nabkha is to prevent desertification and preserve the stability of oasis.Field investigations and in situ staining tracer tests were conducted to determine the quantity and distribution of soil fauna burrows on the N.sphaerocarpa nabkha,as well as their effects on soil preferential flows.The results showed that the number of soil fauna burrows on the nabkha differed significantly in different directions(p<0.05),with the highest number in the east-facing area(28.7±2.3 burrows),followed by the second highest number in the south-facing area(21.7±3.1 burrows),and finally in the west-facing area(17.3±2.3 burrows)and north-facing area(14.7±1.5 burrows).The soil preferential flow in the nabkha was significantly different in different directions(p<0.05),with stronger soil preferential flow in the east-facing and south-facing areas.The number of soil burrows was significantly positively correlated with the percentage of soil preferential flow and the staining variability index(p<0.05),but had no significant correlation with the other indexes(p>0.05).The root length density(>2mm)and high soil water content facilitated the establishment of preferential flow channels.The findings of this study initially revealed the characteristics of soil preferential flow in various directions and its influencing factors in the N.sphaerocarpa nabkha,providing a scientific foundation for a more in-depth study of the soil moisture movement process in the desert area.

关 键 词：灌丛沙堆 土壤动物 土壤优先流 塔克拉玛干沙漠 

分 类 号：S154[农业科学—土壤学]