不同浓度EM菌对凡纳滨对虾生长及肠道菌群的影响  

The effect of different concentrations of EM bacteria on the growthand intestinal flora of Litopenaeus vannamei

作　　者：凌战 王振刚 刘钢 王茂林 张伟 LING Zhan;WANG Zhengang;LIU Gang;WANG Maolin;ZHANG Wei(Dalian Ocean University,Key Laboratory of Applied Biology and Augmentation of Northern Fish in Liaoning Province,Dalian 116023,Liaoning China;Donggang Aquatic Technology Promotion Station,Dandong 118399,Liaoning China;Donggang City Huangtukan Farm Co.,LTD.,Dandong 118300,Liaoning China)

机构地区：[1]大连海洋大学,辽宁省北方鱼类应用生物学与增养殖重点实验室,辽宁大连116023 [2]东港市水产技术推广站,辽宁丹东118399 [3]东港市黄土坎农场有限公司,辽宁丹东118300

出　　处：《黑龙江水产》2025年第1期1-7,共7页Northern Chinese Fisheries

基　　金：2021年辽宁省海洋经济发展项目资助;辽宁省教育厅面上项目(JYTMS20230500)。

摘　　要：为探究不同浓度EM菌(Effective Microorganisms)对凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)生长性能的影响,试验选用体长3.0 cm的凡纳滨对虾虾苗,向水中添加EM菌,养殖周期为60 d,试验分为试验组1、试验组2、试验组3(水体中菌液浓度分别为1×10^(4)、1.5×10^(4)、2×10^(4)CFU/mL)和对照组(对照组不添加EM菌)。结果显示,1×10^(4)CFU/mL组凡纳滨对虾的生长性能最佳,1.5×10^(4)CFU/mL组对凡纳滨对虾生长指标和存活率无显著影响(P>0.05),2×10^(4)CFU/mL组提高了特定生长率。与对照组相比,试验组肠道细菌数量有显著增加(P<0.05),试验组2中,OUT数量显著增加(P<0.05),试验组3中,在水中添加2×10^(4)CFU/mL的EM菌可提高对虾肠道菌群物种丰度。相较于对照组,试验组1能提高凡纳滨对虾的食物转化率、摄食率和成活率。该研究有助于了解水体中EM菌浓度对凡纳滨对虾的生长和肠道细菌群落的作用,为凡纳滨对虾的疾病管理和养殖提供一定的理论依据。In order to explore the effects of different concentrations of Effective Microorganisms on the growth performance of Litopenaeus vannamei,larvae of 3.0 cm long Litopenaeus vannamei were selected and added into the water.The culture period was 60 days.The experiment was divided into experimental groups 1,2 and 3(the concentration of bacterial liquid in water was 1×10^(4),1.5×10^(4) and 2×10^(4) CFU/mL,respectively) and control group(no EM bacteria was added in the control group).The results showed that 1×10^(4) CFU/mL group had the best growth performance,1.5×10^(4) CFU/mL group had no significant effects on the growth index and survival rate of Litopenaeus vannamei(P>0.05),and 2×10^(4) CFU/mL group increased the specific growth rate.Compared with the control group,the number of intestinal bacteria in test group was significantly increased(P<0.05),the number of OUT in test group 2 was significantly increased(P<0.05),and the species abundance of intestinal flora in test group 3 was increased by adding 2×10^(4) CFU/mL EM bacteria in water.Compared with the control group,experimental group 1 could improve the food conversion rate,feeding rate and survival rate of Litopenaeus vannamei.This study helps to understand the effects of EM bacteria on the growth and intestinal bacterial community of Litopenaeus vannamei,and provides a theoretical basis for disease management and culture of Litopenaeus vannamei.

关 键 词：凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei) EM菌(Effective Microorganisms) 生长性能 肠道菌群 养殖 

分 类 号：S966.12[农业科学—水产养殖]