叹词“咦”的韵律特征及情感意义实验研究  

An Experimental Study on the Prosodic Characteristics and Emotional Meanings of the Chinese Interjection 咦(yi)

作　　者：周雅慧 ZHOU Yahui

机构地区：[1]广东省佛山市顺德区沙滘小学

出　　处：《语言与文化论坛》2024年第2期195-206,共12页Forums of Language and Culture

摘　　要：该文通过语料分析、情感听辨及语音实验探究叹词“咦”的韵律特征与情感意义的关系。叹词“咦”一共有4种情感意义:惊讶、惊疑、调侃和厌恶。在表达惊讶与惊疑的情感意义时,调型为升调,音长较短,音高与调域跨度有差异;在表达调侃或者是厌恶的情感意义时,调型为升降调,存在降调变体,音长较长。升降调“咦”在表示不同意义时音高和调域跨度的差异不大,而降调变体的“咦”在分别表达厌恶和调侃时,它们的音高和调域跨度都存在差异。目前,词典对叹词“咦”的标调与释义还存在一些问题。该文结合词典词条编纂模式与实验分析结果,建议词典对叹词“咦”的词条做出相应修改。This paper explores the relationship between the prosodic characteristics and emotional meaning of the Chinese interjection 咦 (yi)by means of corpus analysis,affective audio discrimination,and phonetic experiments.The interjection has 咦 four emotional meanings:surprise,doubt,ridicule,and disgust.When expressing the emotional meaning of surprise and doubt,the tonal pattern is ascending,with a shorter sound duration and differences in pitch and tonal span;when expressing the emotional meaning of ridicule or disgust,the tonal pattern is ascending and descending,with a descending variant and a longer sound duration.There is few differences in pitch and tonal span between the ascending and descending modes of 咦,while the descending variant of 咦,when expressing disgust and ridicule respectively,has differences in both pitch and tonal span.At present,there are still some problems in the intonation and interpretation of the interjection 咦 in the lexicons.This paper suggests that the lexicons should be modified for the interjection 咦 according to the lexicographic pattern of the entries and the results of experimental analyses.

关 键 词：叹词“咦” 情感意义 韵律特征 释义 词典 

分 类 号：H14[语言文字—汉语]