不同整形模式桃树冠层光照特征及生产性能研究  

Study on light characteristics and production performance of peach tree canopy with different shaping patterns

作　　者：徐昊 王孟超 李婷 张学英[1] 王朋飞 陈海江[1] 曹洪波[1] XU Hao;WANG Mengchao;LI Ting;ZHANG Xueying;WANG Pengfei;CHEN Haijiang;CAO Hongbo(College of Horticulture,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071001,China)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学园艺学院,河北保定071001

出　　处：《河北农业大学学报》2025年第1期45-52,共8页Journal of Hebei Agricultural University

基　　金：河北省现代农业产业技术体系桃创新团队资助项目(HBCT2024160204);国家现代农业产业技术体系资助项目(CARS-30-2-03);河北省重点研发计划项目(20326804D).

摘　　要：为发掘具有产量高、品质好等优良生产性能的桃整形模式。本试验于2019和2020年,针对桃树主干形(2种株×行距模式:1 m×3 m、1 m×4 m)、挺身‘V’字形、‘Y’字形、四挺身形共5种整形模式开展冠层结构、光照特征及生产性能(果实品质与产量)分析。结果表明:2种主干形枝类组成均以长枝为主,而其他树形短枝占比较高;主干形具有较高的叶面积指数和冠层截获辐射量,而‘Y’字形和四挺身形的2项参数相对较低,但其冠层光合有效辐射量明显高于其他树形。生产性能分析表明:5种模式亩产量无显著差异,‘Y’字形和四挺身形果实品质相对较好。综上,本研究认为‘Y’字形和四挺身形具有较高的短枝比例和较好的冠层光合有效辐射量,整体生产性能较优。In order to explore the peach shaping model with high yield and good quality.This experiment was conducted in 2019 and 2020,five peach training systems including central leader shape(two spacing ranges:1 m×3 m,1 m×4 m),straight‘V’shape,‘Y’shape,and four straight scaffolds shape were used to analyze canopy structure,illumination characteristics,and production performance(fruit quality and yield).The results showed that trees with central leader shape were mainly composed of long branches,while there were abundant of short branches in other shape trees.Central leader shape had higher leave area index(LAI)and radiation intercepted by the canopy,while these two parameters were relatively low in‘Y’shape and four straight scaffolds shape,but these two shapes had significantly higher levels of photosynthetically active radiation in the canopy than other tree shapes.Production performance analysis showed that there was no significant difference in yield among these training systems,and the fruit quality of‘Y’-shaped and four straight scaffolds shape was relatively better than that of other shapes.In summary,this study presents that peach trees with‘Y’shape or four straight scaffolds shape have a higher proportion of short branches and better canopy photosynthetically active radiation,and have better production performance.

关 键 词：桃树 整形模式 冠层光合有效辐射 果实品质 

分 类 号：S662.1[农业科学—果树学]