基于多孔介质模型的果园打药机装置参数优化与试验  

Parameter optimization and experiment of orchard sprayer based on porous medium model

作　　者：李昕昊 王思远 郭江鹏 徐硕 杨欣[1] 王鹏飞[1] LI Xinhao;WANG Siyuan;GUO Jiangpeng;XU Shuo;YANG Xin;WANG Pengfei(College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071001,China)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学机电工程学院,河北保定071001

出　　处：《河北农业大学学报》2025年第1期136-144,共9页Journal of Hebei Agricultural University

基　　金：财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-27);河北省现代农业产业技术体系水果创新团队项目(HBCT2018100205)。

摘　　要：针对风送式喷雾机在外部气流与植被冠层的作用下冠层周围产生变化和湍流,导致喷雾穿透性差的问题,基于Star-CCM+软件建立果树冠层的多孔介质模型,对多风道风送式喷雾机外部气流进行了仿真分析。应用冠层分析仪得到果树冠层上中下3层孔隙率分别为0.32、0.38、0.45;利用Box-Behnken对风送系统参数组合进行优化分析,得出最优参数组合为风机转速2160 r/min,出风口A1角度0°,出风口A2角度10°,出风口A3角度0°,喷雾距离1.25 m,果树内膛气流平均速度为9.439 m/s,标准差为0.538,变异系数为5.7%;经田间试验验证,喷雾机左右两侧雾滴沉积密度相对差值集中在4.90%,冠层内膛靶标上雾滴沉积数大于70粒/cm^(2),雾滴在冠层垂直方向上沉积整体变异系数为3.02%,果树叶面叶背雾滴沉积密度平均偏差为2.12%,满足风送果园喷雾机标准规定,有效解决了喷雾穿透性差的问题。Aimed at the problem of poor penetration of spray caused by the changes and turbulence around the canopy due to the external airflow and vegetation canopy of the air driven spray.Based on the Star-CCM+software,a porous medium model of the fruit tree canopy was established to simulate the external airflow of the multi-airduct air-assisted orchard sprayer.The porosity of the upper,middle and lower layers of fruit tree canopy were 0.32,0.38 and 0.45 respectively;Box-Behnken was used to optimize and analyze the parameters of the air delivery system.The optimum parameters were obtained as follows:fan speed 2160 r/min,outlet A1 angle 0 degrees,outlet angle 10 degrees,outlet angle A3 angle 0 degrees,and the spray distance 1.25 m.The average velocity of air flow inside the fruit tree was 9.439 m/s.The standard deviation was 0.538,And the coefficient of variation was 5.7%;Field experiments showed that the relative difference of droplet deposition density on the left and right sides of the sprayer was concentrated at 4.90%.The number of droplets deposition on the inner bore target in the canopy was greater than 70 grains/cm^(2).The overall variation coefficient of droplet deposition in the vertical direction of the canopy was 3.02%.The average deviation of droplet deposition density on leaf surface and back of fruit tree was 2.12%,which satisfied the standard of wind orchard sprayer,and effectively solved the problem of poor penetrability of spray.

关 键 词：风送喷雾机 多孔介质 送风系统 冠层孔隙率 响应面法 

分 类 号：S491[农业科学—植物保护]