莪术醇和α⁃氯代醇不育剂对高原鼢鼠和高原鼠兔繁殖能力的抑制效应  

Inhibitory effect of curcumol ansα-chlorogenol on the reproductive ability of plateau zokors and plateau pikas

作　　者：赵希存 安海宏 楚彬[1] 包达尔罕 花蕊 李晓鹏 蔡斌 马义杰 花立民[1] ZHAO Xi-cun;AN Hai-hong;CHU Bin;Baoderhan;HUA Rui;LI Xiao-peng;CAI Bin;MA Yi-jie;HUA Li-min(College of Grassland,Gansu Agricultural University,Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem,Ministry of Education,National Forestry and Grassland Alpine Grassland Rodent Prevention and Control Engineering Technology Research Center,Lanzhou 730070,China;Maqu Grassland Workstation,Maqu 747300,China;Gansu Grassland Technology Promotion General Station,Lanzhou 730010,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学草业学院,草业生态系统教育部重点实验室,国家林业草原高寒草地鼠害防控工程技术研究中心,甘肃兰州730070 [2]玛曲县草原工作站,甘肃玛曲747300 [3]甘肃省草原技术推广总站,甘肃兰州730010

出　　处：《草原与草坪》2024年第6期127-133,共7页Grassland and Turf

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32160338);甘肃省教育厅优秀研究生“创新之星”项目(2023CXZX-625);国家林业和草原局草地啮齿动物危害防控创新团队项目。

摘　　要：【目的】评价啮齿动物不育剂对高原鼢鼠(Eospalax baileyi)和高原鼠兔(Ochotona cur⁃zoniae)繁殖的影响。【方法】选择典型高寒草地啮齿动物危害区域,野外投放莪术醇不育剂测定雌性高原鼢鼠和高原鼠兔的胎仔率;选用α‐氯代醇不育剂测定雄性高原鼢鼠和高原鼠兔的精子密度、精子畸形率及睾丸组织结构,采用独立样本t检验进行分析对比。【结果】相比非投药对照组,莪术醇饵剂显著降低高原鼠兔的胎仔率(P<0.01),但对高原鼢鼠的胎仔率影响不明显;α‐氯代醇显著降低高原鼠兔精子密度(P<0.05),显著增加高原鼠兔和高原鼢鼠精子畸形率(P<0.05),高原鼠兔和高原鼢鼠脏器系数无明显变化;组织结构切片结果显示α‐氯代醇能使高原鼠兔附睾中的精子及分泌物减少,且睾丸体组织存在间质出血现象,而对高原鼢鼠作用下仅有附睾尾部精子及分泌物减少。【结论】莪术醇饵剂和α‐氯代醇对高原鼠兔繁殖有明显抑制效果,α‐氯代醇作用下高原鼢鼠精子畸形率会增加。【Objective】To evaluate the effects of sterile baits on the reproduction of plateau pika and plateau zokor in the alpine grasslands under field conditions.【Method】Sterile baits containing curcumol were used to measure changes in litter size of the two rodents,whileα‐chlorogenol was used to assess sperm density,sperm malformation rate,and testicular histology in male plateau zokors and plateau pikas.An independent sample t‐test was applied for analysis and comparison.【Result】Compared to the control group without non‐dosing,curcumol baits significantly reduced the litter size of plateau pika(P<0.01)but had no significant effect on plateau zokors.α‐chloroproterenol significantly reduced the sperm density of plateau zokors(P<0.05)and significantly increased the sperm malformation rate of plateau pikas and plateau zokors(P<0.05).However,the organ index of plateau zokors and plateau zokors did not change significantly.Histological analysis revealed thatα‐chlorogenol reduced the spermatozoa and secretion in the epididymis of plateau zokor,and caused interstitial hemorrhage in the testicular tissue.In plateau pika,reductions in spermatozoa and secretions were observed only in the caudal part of the epididymis.【Conclusion】Curcumol andα‐chloroproterenol sterilebaits significantly affect the reproduction of plateau pika by reducing litter size and increasing sperm malformation rates.In plateau zokors,α‐chlorogenol increases sperm malformation rates but does not significantly impact litter size.

关 键 词：不育剂 防治 高寒草地 鼠害 繁殖抑制 

分 类 号：S812[农业科学—草业科学]