197份大豆种质资源共生固氮特性鉴定与评价  

Identification and Evaluation of Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation Characteristics of 197 Soybean Germplasm Resources

作　　者：余应栋 徐瑞新 刘思蕊 张尊勉 王俊[1] 阎哲 邱红梅[5] YU Yingdong;XU Ruixin;LIU Sirui;ZHANG Zunmian;WANG Jun;YAN Zhe;QIU Hongmei(College of Agriculture,Changjiang University,Jingzhou 434025,China;Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Changchun 130012,China;Institute of Crop Science,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China;College of Agronomy and Agricultural Engineering,Liaocheng University,Liaocheng 252000,China;Soybean Research Institute,Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Changchun 130033,China)

机构地区：[1]长江大学农学院,湖北荆州434025 [2]中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所,吉林长春130012 [3]中国农业科学院作物科学研究所,北京100081 [4]聊城大学农学与农业工程学院,山东聊城252000 [5]吉林省农业科学院大豆研究所,吉林长春130033

出　　处：《大豆科学》2025年第1期1-10,I0001-I0010,共20页Soybean Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(32272101)。

摘　　要：为深入了解大豆种质资源固氮特性的差异性,筛选出固氮能力优异的大豆资源,以197份国内外大豆种质资源为试验材料,通过对接种根瘤菌USDA110后大豆的叶绿素含量(Ve、V1、V2和V3期)、结瘤数、地上地下鲜重、地上地下干重、上下胚轴长度和全氮含量进行分析,评价不同大豆资源的共生固氮特性,筛选出固氮能力突出的大豆资源。结果表明:不同大豆种质资源的各指标存在显著差异,其中结瘤数和地下干重差异较为明显;相关性分析和主成分分析显示,结瘤数、全氮含量、地上部鲜重、地下部鲜重、地上部干重与地下部干重6个指标相互呈极显著正相关关系,且在12个指标中占据主要地位,因此将这6个指标作为评价固氮特性的指标,以这6个指标的主成分值计算各大豆资源的综合得分;基于主成分分析的综合得分将197份大豆资源进行聚类分析,以Williams 82为中心分为3类,分别为Ⅰ类(score≥0.5)、Ⅱ类(-0.5<score<0.5)、Ⅲ类(score≤-0.5),其中Ⅰ类固氮特性优异,包含58份种质资源,这些材料将为选育高固氮能力的大豆品种提供资源基础。In order to deeply understand the differences of nitrogen fixation characteristics of soybean germplasm resources,soybean resources with excellent nitrogen fixation ability were selected,this experiment used 197 domestic and foreign soybean varieties as experimental materials.Through the analysis of soybean chlorophyll content(VE,V1,V2 and V3),nodule number,shoot and root fresh weight,shoot and root dry weight,epicotyl and hypocotyl length,and total nitrogen content after inoculation with Rhizobium USDA110,the symbiotic nitrogen fixation characteristics of different soybean resources were evaluated,and the soybean resources with outstanding nitrogen fixation ability were selected.The results showed that there were significant differences in the indexes of different soybean resources,especially the nodule number and underground dry weight.Correlation analysis and principal component analysis showed that nodule number,total nitrogen content,fresh shoot weight,fresh root weight,dry shoot weight and dry root weight were significantly positively correlated with each other,and occupied a major position in the 12 indicators.Therefore,these six indicators were used as indicators to evaluate nitrogen fixation characteristics,and the comprehensive scores of each soybean resource were calculated by the principal component values of these six indicators.Based on the comprehensive score of principal component analysis,197 soybean varieties were clustered and divided into three types with Williams 82 as the center,namely,type I(score≥0.5),type II(-0.5<score<0.5),and type III(score≤-0.5).Type I has excellent nitrogen fixation characteristics,including 58 seed quality resources.These materials will lay the foundation for breeding soybean varieties with high nitrogen fixation ability.

关 键 词：大豆 种质资源 共生固氮 主成分分析 

分 类 号：S565.1[农业科学—作物学]