外源α-酮戊二酸对低氮下大豆氮同化和产量性状的影响  

Effects of Exogenousα-ketoglutaric Acid on Nitrogen Assimilation and Yield Character of Soybean under Low Nitrogen Conditions

作　　者：宫逸 高杰 王华美 梁昌志 李婉婷 温博文 于高波[3] 张玉先[1,4] GONG Yi;JIE Gao;WANG Huamei;LIANG Changzhi;LI Wanting;WEN Bowen;YU Gaobo;ZHANG Yuxian(College of Agriculture,Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University/Key Laboratory for Mechanized Soybean Production,Daqing 163319,China;Inner Mongolia Technology Promotion Center of Agricultural&Animal Husbandry,Hohhot 010011,China;College of Horticulture and Gardening,Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University,Daqing 163319,China;National Engineering and Technology Research Center for Cereal Crops,Daqing 163319,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江八一农垦大学农学院/农业农村部大豆机械化生产重点实验室,黑龙江大庆163319 [2]内蒙古自治区农牧业技术推广中心,内蒙古呼和浩特010011 [3]黑龙江八一农垦大学园艺园林学院,黑龙江大庆163319 [4]国家杂粮工程技术研究中心,黑龙江大庆163319

出　　处：《大豆科学》2025年第1期84-95,共12页Soybean Science

基　　金：黑龙江省“揭榜挂帅”科技攻关项目(2021ZXJ05B02);财政部和农业农村部,国家现代农业产业技术体系资助(CARS-04-PS18)。

摘　　要：为了探索能够增强大豆植株自身的氮同化作用的外源试剂,实现在减少氮肥施用量的同时不影响大豆生长及产量形成,从而保持土壤的可持续利用,以α-酮戊二酸为外源试剂,采用砂培的方式模拟低氮条件种植大豆,待其生长至V3期进行叶面喷施处理,探究低氮条件下施用α-酮戊二酸对大豆生长发育、氮素同化能力及产量的影响。结果表明:α-酮戊二酸处理有效地诱导了低氮下大豆植株的氮同化基因的表达,同时在低氮条件下进行α-酮戊二酸处理也可显著提高GS和GOGAT酶活性,增加植株体内氮同化产物,如铵态氮、硝态氮含量以及酰脲的含量。在低氮条件下,α-酮戊二酸处理显著增加了低氮水平下大豆植株的单株荚数、单株粒数和单株粒重,相比于未经过α-酮戊二酸处理的大豆植株分别提高了12.38%、9.52%和14.72%。因此,外源施用α-酮戊二酸可以促进低氮条件下大豆植株的氮代谢过程,提高低氮下大豆的产量相关指标。In order to explore the exogenous reagents that can enhance the nitrogen assimilation of soybean plants,the application of nitrogen fertilizer can be reduced without affecting the growth and yield formation of soybean,so as to maintain the sustainable use of soil,in this study,α-ketoglutaric acid was used as an external reagent to plant soybean under low nitrogen conditions by sand culture,to investigate the effects ofα-ketoglutaric acid on growth,nitrogen assimilation and yield of soybean under low nitrogen conditions.The results showed thatα-ketoglutaric acid treatment effectively induced the expression of N-assimilating genes in soybean plants under low-N conditions,andα-ketoglutaric acid treatment also significantly increased the activities of GS and GOGAT enzymes in soybean plants under low-N conditions,increased the content of nitrogen assimilation products in plant,such as ammonium nitrogen,nitrate nitrogen and acyl urea.Under low nitrogen conditions,α-ketoglutaric acid treatment significantly increased pods number per plant,seeds number per plant and seeds weight per plant under low nitrogen levels,compared with soybean plants withoutα-ketoglutaric acid treatment,it increased by 12.38%,9.52%and 14.72%respectively.Thus,exogenous application ofα-ketoglutaric acid can promote nitrogen metabolism in soybean plants under low-N conditions and increase soybean yield indicators under low-N conditions.

关 键 词：大豆 低氮 Α-酮戊二酸 氮同化 产量 

分 类 号：S565.1[农业科学—作物学]