微生物菌剂及改性生物载体处理水产养殖废水的实验研究  

Experimental Study on Treatment of Aquaculture Wastewater with Microbial Agent and Modified Biological Carrier

作　　者：叶欣 易春龙 YE Xin;YI Chun-ong(CEWUD Group Company Limited,Wuhan 430223,China)

机构地区：[1]中工武大设计集团有限公司,武汉430223

出　　处：《四川环境》2025年第1期145-153,共9页Sichuan Environment

摘　　要：目前成熟的污水处理技术主要针对工业废水和生活污水,很少被运用于水产养殖废水的处理,水产养殖废水不能被有效处理从而引起养殖环境和受纳水体的恶化。对此,以淡水养殖废水为研究对象,利用生物接触氧化工艺,研究自主研发的脱氮菌剂和除磷菌剂在不同污染物负荷、不同投加剂量及其与绳状生物载体联用条件下对模拟废水和鲈鱼圈养系统废水的净化效果。结果表明:以模拟废水W3(COD 200 mg/L,NH_(4)-N 20 mg/L,TP 1 mg/L)为进水时,在2#、3#、4#反应器中分别投加8.6×10^(5) cfu/mL除磷菌剂和0.5×10^(3)、1×10^(3)、1.5×103cfu/mL脱氮菌剂后出水氨氮大部分时段均小于1 mg/L,实验组对氨氮的实际转化量高于空白对照组1#;出水硝氮浓度依次降低,最佳工况下4#反应器出水硝氮浓度小于5 mg/L,显著低于对照组1#且实验组对磷的绝对去除量显著高于对照组1#。绳状填料+菌剂联合处理方案对模拟废水和鲈鱼圈养系统废水污染物均有很好的转化效果。该研究可为水产养殖废水的处理和回用提供技术支持。Currently,mature sewage treatment technologies are mainly used for industrial wastewater and domestic sewage,and are rarely used for the treatment of aquaculture wastewater.Aquaculture wastewater cannot be effectively treated,resulting in deterioration of the breeding environment and receiving water bodies.In this regard,freshwater aquaculture wastewater was taken as a research object in this study,and biological contact oxidation technology was adopted to study the purification effect of independently developed denitrification bacteria and phosphorus removal bacteria on simulated wastewater and wastewater from a perch captive system under different pollutant loads,different addition dosages and their combination with rope-shaped biological carriers.The results showed that when the simulated wastewater W3(COD 200 mg/L,NH_(4)-N 20 mg/L,TP 1 mg/L)was used as the influent,after 8.6105 cfu/mL phosphorus removal bacteria and 0.5×10^(3),1×10^(3),1.5×10^(3) cfu/mL denitrification bacteria were respectively added into the 2#,3# and 4# reactors,the effluent ammonia nitrogen was less than 1 mg/L in most periods of time,and the actual conversion amount of ammonia nitrogen in the experimental group was greater than that in the blank group 1#;the nitrate nitrogen concentration in the effluent decreased successively;and under the optimal working conditions,the nitrate nitrogen concentration in the effluent of the 4#reactor was less than 5 mg/L,which was significantly less than that of the blank group 1#,and the absolute phosphorus removal amount in the experimental group was significantly greater than that of the control group 1#.The combined treatment scheme of rope-shaped filler and bacterial agent has a good transformation effect on the pollutants in simulated wastewater and perch confinement system wastewater.This study provides technical support for the treatment and reuse of aquaculture wastewater.

关 键 词：养殖废水 脱氮除磷 微生物菌剂 生物接触氧化 生物载体 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程] S949[农业科学—水产养殖]