网络外部性下“接力式”物流众包的双重分配策略  

Dual Allocation Strategy for the Crowdsourcing Platform of"Relay Race"Logistics with Network Externality

作　　者：丁雪峰[1,2] 魏加封 DING Xuefeng;WEI Jiafeng(College of Economics and Management,China Three Gorges University,Yichang 443002;Logistics and E-Commerce College,Zhejiang Wanli University,NingBo 315100)

机构地区：[1]三峡大学经济与管理学院,宜昌443002 [2]浙江万里学院物流与电子商务学院,宁波315100

出　　处：《系统科学与数学》2025年第1期280-296,共17页Journal of Systems Science and Mathematical Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(71771139)资助课题。

摘　　要：为探索“接力式”物流众包骑手参与服务能力决策问题,构建了包括优势骑手、弱势骑手和客户的物流众包决策模型,并比较了“一送到底”与“接力式”物流众包模式下平台与骑手的最优服务能力和收益;进一步分析考虑骑手异质的双重分配众包策略.研究表明,“接力式”众包比“一送到底”众包模式更能有效提高众包平台服务能力和利润;骑手异质时统一分配策略会增加弱势骑手加入众包平台门槛,加剧众包平台上优势骑手的集中,降低众包平台服务能力,采取双重分配策略可以提高弱势骑手的服务能力和利润,改善弱势骑手的生存环境,防止优势骑手垄断,从而增加整个接力式众包平台的服务能力;弱势骑手的数量和成本会对双重分配系数的选取产生影响,通过选取适当的双重分配系数可以使众包平台的利润增加.该结论为同城急送的物流众包平台提供有价值参考.最后采取数值算例验证了上述结论.To examine the service capability of riders on the crowdsourcing plat-form for"relay"logistics.Firstly,we model a logistics crowdsourcing strategy as a game among the riders and customers,and compare the optimal service capability of the platform under"One delivering all"and"multi-rider relay-delivery"modes.We find that"multi-rider relay-delivery"mode is more effective than"One delivering all"mode,because it improves the service capability and the platform's profits;Then,we analysis the different allocation crowdsourcing strategies of heterogeneous riders:superior riders and weak riders,the result shows that the unified allocation strategy will raise the threshold for vulnerable riders to join the platform,cause the volumn increasing of superior riders and the volumn reducing of weak riders.As a result,it causes the lower service capability and lower profits of the platform.On the contrary,the dual allocation strategy can improve the service capability,add weak riders'prof-its,and prevent the monopoly of superior riders.The number of weak riders and unit logistics cost impact on the dual allocation rate,the properly allocation rate is chosen to increase the profits of platform.This conclusion provides a worthwhile manging insights for the logistics crowdsourcing platform of intracity express service.

关 键 词：接力式配送 众包平台 网络外部性 双重分配策略 

分 类 号：U116[交通运输工程] F252[经济管理—国民经济]