过水性湖泊浮游植物群落结构特征及其关键驱动因子识别  

Study on the Structural Characteristics and Key Driving Factors of Phytoplankton Community in Overlying Water Lakes

作　　者：陈婷 张涛 高月香 桂琪瑶 孟祥凯 张志伟 朱琳 张毅敏 CHEN Ting;ZHANG Tao;GAO Yue-xiang;GUI Qi-yao;MENG Xiang-kai;ZHANG Zhi-wei;ZHU Lin;ZHANG Yi-min(Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences,Ministry of Ecology and Environment,Nanjing 210042,China;College of Environment,Hohai University,Nanjing 210024,China;School of Environmental Science and Engineering,Nanjing University of Information Science&Technology,Nanjing 210044,China)

机构地区：[1]生态环境部南京环境科学研究所,江苏南京210042 [2]河海大学环境学院,江苏南京210024 [3]南京信息工程大学环境科学与工程学院,江苏南京210044

出　　处：《生态与农村环境学报》2025年第2期215-224,共10页Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(42307121);长江生态环境保护修复城市驻点跟踪研究项目(2022-LHYJ-02-0502-04)。

摘　　要：为探究过水性湖泊浮游植物群落结构特征及其关键驱动因子,选取典型过水性浅水湖泊邵伯湖为研究区域,于2021—2022年丰、平、枯3个水期对邵伯湖浮游植物群落开展了采样调查,共检出8门59属138种,其中丰水期51种、枯水期97种、平水期86种。从湖区分布来看,邵伯湖12个点位浮游植物年均生物量及丰度分别为7.90~14.21 mg·L^(-1)和1.27×10^(7)~2.28×10^(7)L^(-1),且整体呈从上游湖区到下游湖区逐渐降低趋势。浮游植物群落结构水文性演替均较为明显,主要优势种随水文情势(丰—枯—平)呈现铜绿微囊藻—湖沼色球藻—微囊藻变化。多样性指数评价结果显示,邵伯湖Shannon-Wiener多样性指数各季度均值为0.41~2.01;Pielou均匀度指数均值为0.07~0.21;Margalef丰富度指数均值为3.02~5.83。广义相加模型(GAM)分析表明,温度(WT)、透明度(SD)、硝态氮(NO_(3)^(-)-N)浓度是影响浮游植物生物量的主要环境因子,叶绿素a(Chl-a)和溶解氧(DO)浓度是影响生物多样性的关键环境因子。In order to explore the community structure and primary driving factors of phytoplankton in overlying water lakes,this study selected Shaobo Lake,a typical overlying water shallow lake,as the research site.Over three seasons,from 2021 to 2022,sampling surveys of the phytoplankton community in Shaobo Lake were carried out.A total of 138 species,belonging to 8 phyla and 59 genera,were identified.Among them,51 species were presented in the wet season,97 species in the dry season,and 86 species in the normal season.From the perspective of distribution in the lake,the annual average biomass and abundance of phytoplankton in Shaobo Lake ranged from 7.90 to 14.21 mg·L^(-1)and from 1.27×10^(7)to 2.28×10^(7)L^(-1),respectively.The biomass and abundance gradually decreased from the upstream to the downstream.There was a pronounced hydrological succession in the phytoplankton community structure.With the Microcystis aeruginosa,Chroococcus limneticus and Microcystis as the predominant succession,the dominant species display a hydrological variation.Diversity analysis shows that the mean values for the Shannon-Wiener Index,Pielou Index and Margalef Index in three seasons ranged from 0.41 to 2.01,0.07 to 0.21,and 3.02 to 5.83,respectively.Generalized Additive Model(GAM)analysis indicates that temperature(WT),transparency(SD),and nitrate nitrogen(NO_(3)^(-)-N)were the primary environmental factors affecting phytoplankton biomass,while chlorophyll-a(Chl-a)and dissolved oxygen(DO)were critical environmental factors influencing biodiversity.

关 键 词：浮游植物群落结构 邵伯湖 环境因子 广义相加模型 

分 类 号：X703.5[环境科学与工程—环境工程]