维持性血液透析患者透析孤独感现状及相关因素研究  

Loneliness status and related factors of patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis

作　　者：汪志芳[1] 赵茜芸[2] 汪春燕[1] WANG Zhifang;ZHAO Qianyun;WANG Chunyan(Department of Blood Purification,People′s Hospital of Huangshan City,Huangshan 245000,Anhui,China)

机构地区：[1]黄山市人民医院血液净化科,安徽黄山245000 [2]安徽医科大学第二附属医院血液净化中心,安徽合肥230000

出　　处：《皖南医学院学报》2025年第1期59-62,共4页Journal of Wannan Medical College

基　　金：安徽省医学会急诊医学会急诊临床研究项目(Ky2021004);安徽医科大学校科研基金项目(22xkj199)。

摘　　要：目的:分析维持性血液透析(MHD)患者透析孤独感现状及相关因素。方法:回顾性选取2020年3月~2023年3月在黄山市人民医院就诊的153例终末期肾病(ESRD)患者的临床资料。根据加州大学洛杉矶分校孤独感量表将患者分为孤独感组和非孤独感组,采用单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析影响ESRD患者孤独感的危险因素。结果:153例患者孤独感检出率为62.09%(95/153)。年龄≥65岁,文化程度高中及以下,家庭月收入<5000元,婚姻状态为未婚、离异或丧偶,工作状态为不在职,家庭关怀度较低,居住地为农村,睡眠障碍的患者孤独感检出率较高(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析进一步显示,年龄≥65岁,家庭月收入<5000元,婚姻状态为未婚、离异或丧偶,工作状态为不在职,家庭关怀度较低,睡眠障碍是影响ESRD患者孤独感的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论:ESRD患者透析孤独感发生率较高,其发生与患者年龄、家庭月收入、婚姻状态、工作状态、家庭关怀度、睡眠障碍等因素密切相关,临床可以根据这些影响因素制定预防孤单感的措施,改善患者预后。Objective:To analyze the loneliness status and related factors of patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis(MHD).Methods:Clinical data were retrospectively analyzed in 153 cases of end-stage renal disease(ESRD)treated in our hospital between March 2020 and March 2023.The cases were divided into loneliness group and non-loneliness group according to the UCLA Loneliness Scale.Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were conducted to analyze the risk factors affecting loneliness in ESRD patients.Results:The detection rate of loneliness was 62.09%in the 153 patients(95/153),and was higher in patients with the following factors:age≥65,high school education or lower,monthly household income<5,000 yuan,marital status of unmarried/divorced/widowed,unemployed work status,low family care,rural residence,and sleep disorders(P<0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age≥65,monthly household income<5000 Chines yuan,marital status of unmarried/divorced/widowed,unemployed work status,low family care,and sleep disorders were independent risk factors affecting loneliness in ESRD patients(P<0.05).Conclusion:The incidence of loneliness is relatively higher in ESRD patients undergoing dialysis,and its occurrence is closely related to the factors such as the age,monthly household income,marital status,employment status,family care,and incidence of sleep disorders of the patients.To this end,the clinical measures shall be formulated based on these factors to prevent feelings of loneliness and improve the patients′prognosis.

关 键 词：维持性血液透析 终末期肾病 孤独感 现状 相关因素 

分 类 号：R692.5[医药卫生—泌尿科学] R395[医药卫生—外科学]