三维弯曲流面法及其在外流乘波体中的应用  

Method of three-dimensional curved stream-surface and its application in external waverider

作　　者：杨凯 张勐飞 施崇广 余耀堃 郑晓刚 朱呈祥 尤延铖 YANG Kai;ZHANG Mengfei;SHI Chongguang;YU Yaokun;ZHENG Xiaogang;ZHU Chengxiang;YOU Yancheng(School of Aerospace Engineering,Xiamen University,Xiamen 361102,China)

机构地区：[1]厦门大学航空航天学院,厦门361102

出　　处：《航空学报》2025年第2期103-113,共11页Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(U21B6003,12202372);1912项目。

摘　　要：利用高超声速流动中最常见的激波现象进行气动型面设计是飞行器研究的重要方向之一,为了更精确、更高效地求解三维弯曲激波流场,提出了一种名为三维弯曲流面法的流场反设计方法,并将之应用于复杂三维乘波体的设计。该方法将预先给定的三维弯曲激波面沿展向离散为多个随流弯曲的流面,并根据各流面内激波后的气动参数及导数计算相应流场,以此确保计算过程中的流线始终处于弯曲流面内。指定2种具有不同三维特征的激波作为输入,以证明这一方法的有效性。结果表明,在圆锥、椭圆曲锥流场中,与无黏计算流体动力学(CFD)结果的壁面压比误差小于1.07%。同时,将这一方法应用于指定椭圆锥激波的乘波体设计,通过无黏CFD仿真,验证了该方法用于乘波体设计时的准确性。其中,壁面最大压比误差仅为0.26%,在相同条件下,其计算时间、资源比局部偏转吻切方法减少了40%左右。三维弯曲流面法大大改善了乘波体设计范围与效率,有利于高超声速飞行器气动系统的设计。Using the most phenomenon of common shock wave in hypersonic flow for aerodynamic profile design is one of the important directions of aircraft research.To solve the three-dimensional curved shock flow field more accurately and efficiently,a new inverse design method,called the method of three-dimensional curved stream-surface,is proposed for the design of waverider.The new method discretizes the pre-given three-dimensional curved shock surface into multiple flow surfaces,and calculates the flow field in the curved flow surface according to the aerodynamic parameters of the stream-surface and their derivatives.In this way,the streamline in the calculation process is always in the curved stream-surface.Two shock waves with different three-dimensional characteristics are specified as input to prove the effectiveness of this method.The results show that the wall pressure ratio error is less than 1.07% in the conical flow field and the elliptic curved cone flow field compared with inviscid CFD results.At the same time,this method is applied to the design of waveriders for specified elliptic conical shock.The accuracy of this method for the design of waverider is verified by inviscid CFD simulation,with the maximum wall pressure ratio error being only 0.26% and the calculation time and resources being reduced by about 40% compared with the Local-Turning Osculating Cones Method under the same conditions.Therefore,the method of three-dimensional curved stream-surface can greatly improve the scope and efficiency of the waverider design,and is conducive to the design of the aerodynamic system of hypersonic vehicle.

关 键 词：三维弯曲激波 弯曲流面 乘波体 三维流动效应 高超声速 

分 类 号：V211.3[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]