高强中模碳纤维复合材料表面高速进给铣削材料去除机理研究  

Material Removal Mechanism of High Strength Intermediate Modulus Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer by High Feed Rate Surface Milling

作　　者：陈亮子 唐珊珊 王天立 程志强 宋万越 王一奇 高航[2,3] CHEN Liangzi;TANG Shanshan;WANG Tianli;CHENG Zhiqiang;SONG Wanyue;WANG Yiqi;GAO Hang(AVIC Xi'an Aircraft Industry Group Company Ltd.,Xi'an 710089,China;State Key Laboratory of High-performance Precision Manufacturing,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian 116024,China;School of Mechanical Engineering,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian 116024,China)

机构地区：[1]中航西安飞机工业集团股份有限公司,西安710089 [2]大连理工大学高性能精密制造全国重点实验室,大连116024 [3]大连理工大学机械工程学院,大连116024

出　　处：《表面技术》2025年第4期151-164,共14页Surface Technology

基　　金：科技部重点研发项目(2021YFB3401700);中央高校基本科研业务费(DUT22LAB401,DUT22LAB501)。

摘　　要：目的开展高强中模碳纤维复合材料表面高速进给铣削材料去除机理分析,提高高强中模碳纤维复合材料表面铣削质量。方法采用仿真模拟与实验相结合的方法,选用聚晶金刚石(PCD)双刃铣刀、硬质合金双刃/四刃/微刃铣刀开展高强中模碳纤维复合材料表面铣削仿真与实验,结合铣削过程切削刃加工轨迹分析结果,综合评价四种刀具铣削过程产生的切削力、切削热与材料表面铣削质量的关系。结果仿真发现铣削过程中纤维承受主要载荷,刀具切入处表面更容易出现损伤。进给速度提高,表面铣削质量会有所降低,刀具刃数增加,进给力与最高铣削温度显著提高,加工质量下降。采用PCD铣刀加工能获得更高的铣削表面质量。结论仿真分析与实验结果共同验证了不同刀具在高速进给条件下铣削高强中模碳纤维复合材料时材料的受力情况和表面质量。基于切削刃参与铣削过程开展材料去除机理分析,刀具刃数增加导致参与切削的切削刃数量增加,摩擦阻力增加,进给力增大。刀具刃数增加会压缩导屑槽空间,热量很难由切屑排出,导致铣削温度大幅上升,铣削质量下降。相较于硬质合金刀具,PCD刀具能以更小的进给力切入工件,并在加工过程中保持较低的进给力和铣削温度,获得更高的加工质量。An analysis on the material removal mechanism of the high strength intermediate modulus carbon fiber reinforced polymer(CFRP)was carried out to improve the surface milling quality under the high feed rates conditions.Various tools were employed to investigate the effects of different milling cutters on the milling quality with different milling parameters by analyzing the cutting force,cutting heat,surface roughness,and cutting edge path during the milling process.The cutting force and cutting heat were measured by Kistler dynamometer and the FLIR infrared thermal imager,respectively.The milled surfaces were analyzed by Keyence ultra-depth of field optical microscope.Single factor experimental design was conducted to analyze surface milling quality of the high strength intermediate modulus CFRPs under high feed rates.Four types of milling cutters were selected for the surface milling process,which were polycrystalline diamond(PCD)doubleedge milling cutters,and cemented carbide milling cutters with double-edge,four-edge,micro-edge.The spindle speed was set as 8000,9000,10000,11000,12000 r/min,the feed rate was set as 800,1000,1200,1400,1600 mm/min,and the cutting depth was set as 0.5,1.0,1.5,2.0,2.5 mm,respectively.The experimental results showed that the increase of the spindle speed reduced the feed force,and the increases of the feed rate and the cutting depth enhanced the feed force during the milling process.Although high feed rates greatly improved machining efficiency,the machining quality of milled surfaces became worse with the increase of the feed rate during high strength intermediate modulus CFRPs milling process,which could be compensated by switching to some proper materials and increasing the spindle speed.After comparing the four types selected milling cutters,it was found that the feed force and the milling temperature increased significantly with the increase of the cutting edge number,while the surface roughness value of the milled surface increased for the worse milling quality.Due to the heat

关 键 词：高强中模碳纤维复合材料 高速进给 铣削质量 材料去除机理 表面粗糙度 

分 类 号：V261.23[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航制造工程]