基于结构方程的旺业甸自然保护区土壤脲酶活性影响因子研究  

A structural equation-based probe to the factors influencing soil urease activity in Wangyedian Nature Reserve

作　　者：宁一泓 赵慧英 王海燕[1] 崔雪 董齐琪 NING Yihong;ZHAO Huiying;WANG Haiyan;CUI Xue;DONG Qiqi(State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources,Key Laboratory of Forest Cultivation and Protection,Ministry of Education,College of Forestry,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]林木资源高效生产全国重点实验室/森林培育与保护教育部重点实验室/北京林业大学林学院,北京100083

出　　处：《干旱区资源与环境》2025年第1期150-159,共10页Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment

基　　金：国家科技基础资源调查专项基金(2021FY100801);横向项目“旺业甸林场森林碳储量及碳汇潜力研究”资助。

摘　　要：土壤脲酶在全球氮循环中扮演着至关重要的角色,其活性受多种环境因子的综合影响。为了更加科学地指导旺业甸自然保护区森林经营与土壤氮循环管理,文中以该区三种不同林分0-10cm和10-30cm土层土壤为研究对象,探究土壤养分和脲酶活性的垂直及空间分布特征,通过构建结构方程模型系统分析气候、地形、植被和土壤性质对脲酶活性的综合影响。结果表明:1)土层深度和林分类型对土壤pH、有机质、全磷和速效钾含量均有独立的显著影响,两者的交互作用仅对土壤全氮含量有极显著影响。2)三种林分类型土壤脲酶活性均随土层加深而降低,不同土层之间具有显著差异。0-10cm土层中天然阔叶林土壤脲酶活性显著高于人工针叶林,而10-30cm土层中天然针阔混交林显著高于人工针叶林。3)在0-10cm土层,土壤脲酶活性仅与全氮呈极显著正相关;在10-30cm土层,与有机质、全氮和全磷均呈极显著正相关。4)结构方程模型显示,全氮和速效钾对土壤脲酶活性具有直接正向影响,海拔具有直接负向影响,其中全氮的直接影响最大,总效应值为0.527。有机质则通过影响全氮和速效钾而间接影响土壤脲酶活性,总效应值为0.549。该研究表明通过营造混交林或引入阔叶树种可以改善人工林土壤条件,提高土壤脲酶活性。Soil urease plays an important role in the global nitrogen cycle,with its activity influenced by a combination of various environmental factors.In order to scientifically guide the forest management and soil nitrogen cycle management in the Wang Yedian Nature Reserve,taking 0-10cm and 10-30cm layers of the soils in three forest types in this region as the objects,the vertical and spatial distribution characteristics of soil nutrients and urease activity were explored,and through the construction of a structural equation model,the combined effects of climate,geography,vegetation and soil properties on urease activity were systematically analyzed.The results indicate that:1)Soil depth and stand type independently and significantly affect the soil pH,organic matter,total phosphorus,and readily available potassium content.The interaction of soil depth and stand type only has highly significant impact on the soil total nitrogen content.2)Soil urease activity in three forest types decreases with the increase of soil depth,and there are significant differences between soil layers.Soil urease activity is significantly higher in natural broad-leaved forests than in coniferous plantations at depth of 0-10cm,and it is significantly higher in natural coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forests than in coniferous plantations at depth of 10-30cm.3)Correlation analysis shows that in 0-10cm soil layer,urease activity is very significantly positively correlated only with total nitrogen.In the 10-30cm soil layer,urease activity is very significantly positively correlated with organic matter,total nitrogen and total phosphorus.4)The structural equation model indicates that total nitrogen and readily available potassium directly and positively affect the soil urease activity,while altitude has a direct negative effect.Among these factors,total nitrogen has the greatest direct effect with a total effect value of 0.527.Organic matter indirectly affects the soil urease activity by influencing total nitrogen and readily available potassiu

关 键 词：林分类型 土壤基本性质 土壤脲酶活性 影响因素 结构方程模型 

分 类 号：S154[农业科学—土壤学]