黄土高原典型河流底泥细菌群落时空变化特征及驱动因子  

Spatio-temporal variation of bacterial communities in sediment of a typical river on the Loess Plateau and its driving factors

作　　者：胡恩 汤晓峰 赵丹 HU En;TANG Xiaofeng;ZHAO Dan(Shanxi Academy of Environmental Sciences,Xi'an 710061;College of Natural Resources and Environment,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西省环境科学研究院,西安710061 [2]西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,杨凌712100

出　　处：《干旱区资源与环境》2025年第1期169-180,共12页Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment

基　　金：陕西省重点研发计划重点产业链(群)项目(2021ZDLSF05-08,2021ZDLSF05-10)资助。

摘　　要：底泥细菌群落组成能反映水质和底泥的污染状况,也可以分解和转化一些特定污染物,对水生态系统的物质循环和能量转化有重要作用。文中使用16S rDNA高通量测序技术,调查了黄土高原典型河流石川河的底泥细菌群落组成。石川河底泥细菌门水平的群落组成在丰水期和枯水期均以变形菌(Pseudomonadota)(35.87%~42.72%)、拟杆菌(Bacteroidota)(13.03%~19.78%)和疣微菌(Verrucomicrobiota)(8.55%~12.34%)占优。网络分析结果显示丰水期底泥细菌群落结构的复杂度高于枯水期,下游底泥细菌物种数更丰富,而上游底泥细菌群落的信息传递效率更高。标准化随机比的结果显示整个石川河底泥细菌群落构建过程均由确定性过程主导。相比而言,枯水期确定性过程占比(74.76%)高于丰水期(66.08%),而无论是丰水期还是枯水期,下游确定性过程占比(86.67%,80.00%)均高于上游(57.14%,61.90%)。结构方程模型结果显示丰水期石川河流域底泥细菌群落多样性与TP和SOC含量正相关,与空间因子(经度)和重金属(Cr)之间负相关。枯水期底泥细菌群落多样性与温度和SOC含量负相关。文中揭示了石川河底泥细菌群落在丰水期和枯水期呈现出不同的时空动态特征,并且强调了确定性过程在底泥细菌群落构建中占主导地位。Bacterial communities in riverine sediment not only reflect the water quality and the pollution degree of the sediment,but also affect the decomposition and transformation of some specific pollutants to a certain extent,which plays an important role in the material circulation and health and stability of riverine ecosystems.In this study,16S rRNA high-throughput gene sequencing method was used to investigate and analyze the composition of bacterial community in sediment of Shichuan River,a typical river in the Loess Plateau.The results show that there is no significant spatio-temporal difference in community composition at the level of bacterial phylum in Shichuan River sediment,and Pseudomonadota(35.87%~42.72%),Bacteroides(13.03%~19.78%)and Verrucomicrobiota(8.55%~12.34%)are the dominant bacteria.The co-occurrence network analysis shows that the complexity of riverine sediment bacterial community structure is higher in the wet season than in the dry season,and the species of sediment bacteria are richer in the downstream,while the information transfer efficiency is higher in the upstream sediment bacterial community.The results of the community building model shows that the process of sediment bacteria community building in the entire Shichuan River is dominated by deterministic processes.In comparison,the proportion of deterministic processes is higher in the dry season(74.76%)than in the wet season(66.08%),and that is higher in the downstream(86.67%,80.00%)than in the upstream(57.14%,61.90%)in both the wet and dry seasons.The results of structural equation modeling shows that the diversity of sediment bacterial communities in the Shichuan River basin is positively correlated with TP and SOC contents,and negatively correlated with spatial factors(longitude)and heavy metals(Cr)during the wet season,while it is negatively correlated with TP and SOC content during dry season.This study reveals that the benthic bacterial community in the Shichuan River exhibits different spatial and temporal dynamics during wet and

关 键 词：黄土高原 石川河 底泥细菌 时空变化 关键环境因子 

分 类 号：P343.1[天文地球—水文科学] S154.381[天文地球—地球物理学]