数字技术创新能否缩小市域内碳不平等?  

Can digital technology innovation reduce carbon inequality within cities?

作　　者：钱宇 浦正宁[1] QIAN Yu;PU Zhengning(School of Economics and Management,Southeast University,Nanjing Jiangsu 211189,China)

机构地区：[1]东南大学经济管理学院,江苏南京211189

出　　处：《中国人口·资源与环境》2024年第12期64-74,共11页China Population,Resources and Environment

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“技术创新视角下数字经济发展驱动碳减排的机理与对策研究”(批准号:22BJY099);江苏省社会科学基金重点项目“数字技术创新驱动江苏省碳减排的机理与对策研究”(批准号:22EYA003)。

摘　　要：在不影响“经济效率”的前提下,坚守“公平底线”,缩小碳不平等,提升碳公平性,对实现可持续发展具有重要意义。该研究从减小经济发展差距、改善能源效率与结构、降低消费差距等方面分析了数字技术创新对市域内碳不平等的影响机理。基于2011—2021年中国266个城市数据,从政府对数字技术创新的关注、数字技术创新投入和数字技术创新产出3方面测度了数字技术创新水平,使用Dagum基尼系数测度了市域内部的碳不平等水平,并对数字技术创新影响碳不平等的效应和机制进行了实证检验。研究发现:(1)数字技术创新能够显著降低市域内碳不平等,提升公平性。数字技术创新水平每提高1个单位,市域内碳不平等水平将降低0.34个单位。其中,政府对数字技术创新的关注并不能显著缩小碳不平等,数字技术创新投入由于其对碳不平等的“缩小”效应和“扩大”效应相互抵消也未能显著缩小碳不平等,仅有以数字技术专利为代表的新数字技术缩小了市域内的碳不平等。(2)机制检验表明,数字技术创新能够通过缩小经济发展差距、改善能源效率与结构来降低碳不平等。然而,数字技术创新目前还不能通过降低消费差距缩小碳不平等。(3)数字经济背景下,“总体分散,局部集聚”的多中心结构更有助于数字技术创新缩小市域内碳不平等。在地形地貌差异方面,数字技术创新能够克服地形地貌阻隔,缩小碳不平等。此外,当政府协同治理意愿越强、知识产权保护水平越高时,数字技术创新将发挥更为显著的作用。该研究有助于为公平有效推进数字技术创新和“双碳”目标提供新见解。On the premise of not affecting‘economic efficiency,’adhering to the‘bottom line of fairness,’reducing carbon inequality,and enhancing carbon fairness are of great significance to achieve sustainable development.This study analyzed the impact mechanisms of digital technology innovation on carbon inequality within cities from the aspects of reducing economic development disparities,improving energy efficiency and structure,and narrowing consumption gaps.Based on data from 266 cities in China from 2011 to 2021,this study measured the level of digital technology innovation from three aspects:the government's attention on digital technology innovation,input of digital technology innovation,and output of digital technology innovation.The Dagum Gini coefficient was used to measure the level of car-bon inequality within cities.The study also empirically examined the effects and mechanisms of digital technology innovation on carbon in-equality.The findings were as follows:①Digital technology innovation could significantly reduce carbon inequality within cities and im-prove equity.For every 1 unit increase in digital technology innovation,carbon inequality within cities decreased by 0.34 units.However,government attention to digital technology innovation did not significantly reduce carbon inequality,and the input of digital technology in-novation also failed to significantly reduce carbon inequality,as its‘narrowing’and‘widening’effects on carbon inequality counterbal-anced each other.Only new digital technologies,represented by digital technology patents,reduced carbon inequality within cities.②Mechanism tests showed that digital technology innovation could reduce carbon inequality by narrowing economic development gaps and improving energy efficiency and structure.However,digital technology innovation failed to demonstrate effectiveness in reducing car-bon inequality by narrowing the consumption gaps.③In the context of the digital economy,the multi-center structure of‘overall disper-sion and loc

关 键 词：数字技术创新 碳不平等 基尼系数 

分 类 号：F205[经济管理—国民经济]