多元生态补偿方式对农户家庭发展韧性的影响  

Impact of diversified ecological compensation methods on rural household development resilience

作　　者：刘格格 周玉玺[1] 葛颜祥[1] LIU Gege;ZHOU Yuxi;GE Yanxiang(College of Economics and Management,Shandong Agricultural University,Tai'an Shandong 271018,China)

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学经济管理学院,山东泰安271018

出　　处：《中国人口·资源与环境》2024年第12期180-192,共13页China Population,Resources and Environment

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“水资源非农化对粮食生产脆弱性的影响及调控政策研究”(批准号:21BJY130),“流域生态补偿多元主体协同机制研究”(批准号:20BGL198);山东省高等学校青年创新团队发展计划“农村环境治理与政策创新团队”。

摘　　要：在生态文明建设和推进共同富裕的双重背景下,探索实施多元生态补偿方式是提升生态保护红线区农户家庭发展韧性的关键。该研究在科学测度多元生态补偿方式和农户家庭发展韧性的基础上,以山东省生态保护红线区农户为例,从理论和经验两个角度检验了多元生态补偿方式对农户家庭发展韧性的影响。研究结果表明:(1)多元生态补偿方式对生态保护红线区农户家庭发展韧性发挥了显著提升作用,在控制村级哑变量、补充其它控制变量、数据缩尾处理、更换因变量权重测算方式和使用工具变量后,该结论依然成立。(2)中介效应检验发现,多元生态补偿方式会通过优化劳动力就业结构、释放家庭发展性消费支出和激发农户内生致富动力,进而提升农户家庭发展韧性。(3)异质性分析表明,多元生态补偿方式对老一代、低收入水平和低学历的弱势农户群体发展韧性的影响更为显著,表现出“底层保障型”特征。(4)分维度来看,虽然输血型生态补偿方式和造血型生态补偿方式均对农户家庭发展韧性发挥了多维提升作用,但造血型生态补偿方式对农户家庭发展韧性的提升作用要明显优于输血型生态补偿方式。该研究的政策启示是,在发展相对滞后的生态保护红线区,需重视多元生态补偿方式在破解农户家庭发展困境中的重要作用,关注多元生态补偿方式提升家庭发展韧性的异质性特征,适当降低生态补偿政策的参与门槛,形成以“造血型生态补偿方式为主,输血型生态补偿方式为辅”的可持续发展机制,这对提升生态补偿的政策效应具有启迪意义。In the dual context of constructing an ecological civilization and promoting common prosperity,exploring and implementing diversified ecological compensation methods is key to enhancing the development resilience of rural households in ecological protection redline areas.Based on scientific measurements of diversified ecological compensation methods and rural household development resil-ience,this study used farmers in the ecological protection redline areas of Shandong Province as a case study to examine the impact of these methods on rural households development resilience from both theoretical and empirical perspectives.The research results showed that:①Diversified ecological compensation methods significantly improved household development resilience in ecological protection redline areas.This finding still held after controlling for omitted variables,data truncation,changing the weighting calcula-tion method of dependent variables,and using instrumental variables.②The mediation effect analysis found that diversified ecological compensation methods improved rural household development resilience by optimizing labor employment structure,releasing household developmental consumption expenditures,and stimulating farmers'endogenous motivation for wealth generation.③Heterogeneity anal-ysis showed that diversified ecological compensation methods had a more significant impact on the development resilience of the older generation,low-income groups,and low educated,vulnerable farmers,exhibiting a‘bottom-up guarantee type’characteristic.④From a multidimensional perspective,although both the external resource-dependent ecological compensation method and the self-sustaining ecological compensation method played multidimensional roles in enhancing rural household development resilience,the self-sustain-ing ecological compensation method had a significantly better effect on enhancing rural household development resilience than the ex-ternal resource-dependent ecological compensation method.The policy implicatio

关 键 词：生态保护红线区 多元生态补偿方式 家庭发展韧性 

分 类 号：X321[环境科学与工程—环境工程]