煤炭低碳转化技术及CO_(2)制化学品工艺研究进展  

Research progress on low-carbon coal conversion technology and CO_(2) to chemicals process

作　　者：陈文静 徐兴堂 冯杰[1] 李文英[1] CHEN Wenjing;XU Xingtang;FENG Jie;LI Wenying(State Key Laboratory of Clean and Efficient Coal Utilization,Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan 030024,Shanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]太原理工大学省部共建煤基能源清洁高效利用国家重点实验室,山西太原030024

出　　处：《低碳化学与化工》2025年第2期88-99,共12页Low-Carbon Chemistry and Chemical Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划战略性科技创新合作项目(2022YFE0208400);山西省基础研究计划(自由探索类)青年项目(202303021212037)。

摘　　要：发展煤炭清洁高效转化技术,根本在于提高煤中有效元素C、H和O的利用率。而煤富含C元素,势必在利用过程中产生CO_(2),因此在煤炭加工利用过程中,通过化学反应耦合,将产生的CO_(2)再利用制成有机化学品(如醇、醚、酸和酯等),无论是在煤化工技术领域,还是在有机合成化学领域都有重要的学术意义和显著的社会效益。从煤炭加工利用行业的碳排放特点出发,分别介绍了煤炭与可再生能源耦合,碳捕集、利用与封存以及CO_(2)化学利用3种煤炭低碳转化技术。通过化学反应将煤炭加工利用过程中产生的CO_(2)制成含氧化学品,不仅可以在保证原有工艺不被改变的基础上减少CO_(2)的直接排放量,还可以生产人类社会所需的高附加值化学品,变“废”为宝。为此,重点论述了基于Aspen Plus模拟CO_(2)制备甲醇、甲酸、二甲醚以及碳酸二甲酯等含氧有机化合物的最新化学工艺研究进展,总结了工艺流程的技术特点以及物质转化、能量利用和经济效益等性能参数,并根据先进的煤炭低碳转化技术提出了煤基CO_(2)低碳转化新路径,致力于推动煤炭清洁转化技术耦合CO_(2)化学再利用向工业应用发展。The fundamental goal of developing clean and efficient coal conversion technologies is to improve the utilization efficiency of the effective elements C,H and O in coal.Coal is rich in C element,which will inevitably produce CO_(2)during the utilization process.Therefore,in the process of coal utilization,the generated CO_(2)is coupled through chemical reactions to be reused into organic chemicals(such as alcohols,ethers,acids and esters,etc.),which has important academic significance and significant social benefits in coal chemical technology and in the field of organic synthesis chemistry.Starting from the carbon emission characteristics of the coal processing and utilization industry,three coal low-carbon conversion technologies,namely coal coupled with renewable energy,carbon capture,utilization and storage and CO_(2)chemical utilization were introduced,respectively.By chemical reactions to convert CO_(2)generated during the process of coal processing and utilization into oxygen-containing chemicals can not only reduce the direct emission of CO_(2)while ensuring that the original process is not changed,but also produce high value-added chemicals needed by the human society,turning“waste”into treasure.For this purpose,the latest chemical process research progress on simulating CO_(2)to prepare oxygen-containing organic compounds such as methanol,formic acid,dimethyl ether and dimethyl carbonate by Aspen Plus was emphasized.The technical characteristics of the process and the performance parameters,such as material conversion,energy utilization,economic benefits and so on were summarized.Based on advanced low-carbon coal conversion technologies,a new process of coal-based CO_(2)low-carbon conversion was proposed,which is dedicated to promoting the development of clean coal conversion technology coupled with CO_(2)chemical reuse to industrial applications.

关 键 词：煤炭高效转化 低碳技术 CO_(2)化学利用 含氧有机化合物 

分 类 号：TQ536[化学工程—煤化学工程] TK91[动力工程及工程热物理]