源头分类对生活垃圾处理碳排放和减排效果的影响研究——以上海市干湿垃圾分类为例  

Impact of Source Sorting on Carbon Emission and Reduction of Municipal Solid Waste Treatment:A Case Study of Kitchen and Residual Waste Sorting in Shanghai

作　　者：王川 王慧爽 邰俊 毕珠洁 范帅康 宋小龙[2] WANG Chuan;WANG Huishuang;TAI Jun;BI Zhujie;FAN Shuaikang;SONG Xiaolong(Shanghai Environment Group Co.Ltd.,Shanghai 200120;School of Resources and Environmental Engineering,Shanghai Polytechnic University,Shanghai 201209;Shanghai Environmental Sanitation Engineering Design Institute Co.Ltd.,Shanghai 200232)

机构地区：[1]上海环境集团股份有限公司,上海200120 [2]上海第二工业大学资源与环境工程学院,上海201209 [3]上海环境卫生工程设计院有限公司,上海200232

出　　处：《环境卫生工程》2025年第1期140-148,共9页Environmental Sanitation Engineering

基　　金：上海市“科技创新行动计划”科技支撑碳达峰碳中和专项(22dz1209001);上海城投(集团)有限公司科技创新计划项目(CTKYZDZX-2022-006,CTKY-ZDZX-2022-004);上海市浦东新区科技发展基金民生科研专项(PKJ2022-C09)。

摘　　要：随着垃圾分类制度的推进,上海市生活垃圾产生特征和物质流过程尤其是干、湿垃圾组分及其处理方式发生显著变化,直接影响垃圾处理过程的碳排放表现。以分类制度实施后的上海市生活垃圾为研究对象,聚焦干垃圾和湿垃圾组分,采用基准线法研究碳排放量与碳减排效果。结果显示:从2019年下半年到2022年,干垃圾中厨余组分占比减少而橡塑组分占比增加,其碳减排强度从0.19 t/t降至0.13 t/t;湿垃圾由于采用厌氧消化的处理方式,碳减排量明显增加,碳减排效益逐步显现;整体上看,垃圾分类后干、湿垃圾综合碳减排强度稳定在0.20~0.23 t/t。针对基准线情景以焚烧占比为关键参数进行敏感性分析发现,随着焚烧占比的提高,项目情景碳减排量有所降低。该研究结果对评估垃圾分类环境绩效具有参考价值,也为新形势下垃圾处理行业碳减排策略提供了思路。With the advancement of the municipal solid waste(MSW)sorting system,the characteristics of MSW generation and substance flow in Shanghai,especially the kitchen and residual waste components and their treatment methods,have changed significantly,which directly affects the carbon emission of the MSW treatment process.The carbon emission and reduction under the background of MSW sorting policy in Shanghai were calculated using the benchmark method,focusing on kitchen and residual waste components.The results showed that from the second half of 2019 to 2022,the carbon reduction intensity of residual waste decreased from 0.19 t/t to 0.13 t/t,due to the decrease of the kitchen waste component and the increase of the rubber and plastic component in residual waste.The carbon reduction of kitchen waste increased significantly due to the anaerobic digestion treatment,and carbon emission reduction benefits gradually appeared.On the whole,the carbon reduction of kitchen and residual waste after MSW sorting was stabilized at 0.20-0.23 t/t.In the baseline scenario,the sensitivity analysis with incineration ratio as the key variable found that with the increase of the incineration ratio of MSW,the carbon emission reduction of project scenario decreased.The results of this study could bring reference value for evaluating the environmental performance of MSW sorting,and also provide ideas for carbon emission reduction strategies of the MSW treatment industry under the new situation.

关 键 词：城市生活垃圾 垃圾分类 碳核算 碳减排 上海市 

分 类 号：X799.3[环境科学与工程—环境工程]