烟草镰刀菌根腐病根际土壤微生物群落结构及多样性  

Structure and diversity of microbial community in rhizosphere soil of tobacco root rot caused by Fusarium

作　　者：何晓冰 黄昆鹏 李俊营 卜亚艇 赵浪 王明鑫[1] 张富生 阴广宇 杨楠[1] 许跃奇 HE Xiaobing;HUANG Kunpeng;LI Junying;BU Yating;ZHAO Lang;WANG Mingxin;ZHANG Fusheng;YIN Guangyu;YANG Nan;XU Yueqi(Henan Tobacco Company,Pingdingshan Company,Pingdingshan 467000,Henan;Hongyun Honghe Tobacco(Group)Co.,Ltd.,Honghe Cigarette Factory,Mile 652399,Yunnan;College of Tobacco Sciences,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450000,Henan)

机构地区：[1]河南省烟草公司平顶山市公司,河南平顶山467000 [2]红云红河烟草(集团)有限责任公司红河卷烟厂,云南弥勒652399 [3]河南农业大学烟草学院,河南郑州450000

出　　处：《浙江农业科学》2025年第2期411-420,共10页Journal of Zhejiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：河南省烟草公司平顶山市公司重点项目“平顶山烟区特色烤烟品种筛选与配套技术研究”(2022410401240105);中国烟草总公司河南省公司重点项目(2024410000240039)。

摘　　要：研究烟草镰刀菌根腐病对根际土壤微生物群落结构及多样性的影响,探讨其与烟草病害发生的关系,为防治病害的发生提供理论依据。利用Illumina MiSeq高通量测序技术,比较健康株与病株烟草根际土壤微生物群落结构及多样性差异。镰刀菌根腐病使烟株根际土壤真菌种类的丰富程度和种群多样化发生改变,病株根际土壤真菌的辛普森指数、ACE和Chao1等指标均低于健康株;病株和健康株根际土壤微生物种群的优势种群具有明显差异。与对照相比,门水平上,病株绿弯菌门、浮霉菌门、芽单胞菌门和酸杆菌门的相对丰度降低,变形菌门的相对丰度增加;属水平上,细菌属有益菌属链霉菌属、土壤红杆菌属、加氏菌属相对丰度降低。烟草植株根际土壤中真菌群落结构改变及物种多样性降低是烟草镰刀菌根腐病发生的重要特征,为该病害的早期预防提供一定的理论依据。To study the effects of root rot caused by Fusarium on the microbial community structure and diversity of tobacco rhizosphere soil,and to explore the relationship between root rot caused by Fusarium and the occurrence of tobacco diseases,so as to provide theoretical basis for the prevention and control of tobacco diseases,Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing technology was used to compare the rhizosphere soil microbial community structure and diversity between healthy and diseased tobacco plants.The species richness and population diversity of rhizosphere soil fungi were changed by Fusarium root rot.Simpson,ACE and Chaol indexes of rhizosphere soil fungi of diseased tobacco plants were lower than those of healthy tobacco plants.There were significant differences in the dominant species of rhizosphere soil microbial populations between diseased and healthy plants.Compared with the healthy plants,at the phylum level,the relative abundance of Chloroflexi,Planctomycetota and Gemmatimonadota decreased,while the relative abundance of Proteobacteria increased.At the genus level,the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria Streptomyces,Solirubrobacter and Gaiella decreased.The change of fungal community structure and the decrease of species diversity in the rhizosphere soil of tobacco plants are important characteristics of root rot of tobacco caused by Fusarium,and provide a theoretical basis for the early prevention of the disease.

关 键 词：烟草 镰刀菌根腐病 根际微生物 高通量测序 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]