结核后肺疾病的异质性特征及综合管理进展  

Advances in the understanding of heterogeneous characteristics and comprehensive management of post-tuberculosis lung disease

作　　者：盛子康 盖晓燕[1] 孙永昌[1] Sheng Zikang;Gai Xiaoyan;Sun Yongchang(Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine,Peking University Third Hospital,Beijing 100191,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学第三医院呼吸与危重症医学科,北京100191

出　　处：《中华结核和呼吸杂志》2025年第2期181-185,共5页Chinese Journal of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases

基　　金：首都卫生发展科研专项(2022-2G-40910);北京大学扬帆计划-青年培育基金(BMU2024YFJHPY014);北医三院临床重点项目(BYSYZD2022014)。

摘　　要：结核后肺疾病(PTLD)是一组表现为咳嗽、乏力、气短等症状,同时伴有胸部影像学改变,部分患者同时存在肺功能异常的异质性疾病。30%~50%的肺结核患者在完成抗结核治疗后仍存在不同形式的PTLD,给个人和社会带来极大的负担。PTLD病因及发病机制复杂,是宿主免疫反应、病原体及环境因素相互作用的结果。由于对该类疾病认识不足,常导致忽视及误诊。因此有必要加强临床医师对PTLD的认识,本综述介绍了近年来PTLD研究进展及未来研究方向。Post-tuberculosis lung disease(PTLD)is a heterogeneous group of diseases characterized by symptoms such as cough,fatigue and shortness of breath,along with chest imaging abnormalities,and impaired lung function in some patients.Even after successful treatment,nearly 30%-50%of patients continue to suffer from various forms of PTLD,causing great harm to individuals and societies.The etiology and pathogenesis of PTLD are complex and involve the interaction of the host immune response,pathogens and environmental factors.Due to the limited understanding of PTLD,it is often underdiagnosed and misdiagnosed.Therefore,it is crucial to increase clinicians′awareness of this condition.This review aims to summarize recent advances in the diagnosis and treatment of PTLD.

关 键 词：宿主免疫反应 异质性疾病 肺结核患者 临床医师 肺疾病 胸部影像学 抗结核治疗 肺功能异常 

分 类 号：R521[医药卫生—内科学]