天然植物对畜禽热应激调控机理研究进展  

Advances in Regulatory Mechanisms of Natural Plants in Mitigating Heat Stress of Livestock

作　　者：樊霞[1] 冯玉超 魏佩玲 刘晓露 于正洁 FAN Xia;FENG Yuchao;WEI Peiling;LIU Xiaolu;YU Zhengjie(Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products of CAAS,China National Feed Quality and Testing Center(Beijing),Beijing 100081,China;Institute of Animal Husbandry Quality Standards,Xinjiang Academy of Animal Science,Xinjiang Urumqi 830057,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院农业质量标准与检测技术研究所,国家饲料质量检验检测中心(北京),北京100081 [2]新疆畜牧科学院畜牧业质量标准研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830057

出　　处：《饲料工业》2025年第4期1-9,共9页Feed Industry

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区“两区”科技发展计划项目[2022LQ01002]。

摘　　要：全球气候变暖以及集约化畜禽养殖模式下过大密度养殖均会导致畜禽发生热应激反应,热应激已成为影响畜禽健康和生产的关键环境应激因子之一。热应激会对畜禽生长、生产和繁殖等性能造成不利影响,严重的还会导致动物死亡甚至引发传染病,在造成经济损失的同时也产生大量环境与食品安全问题。天然植物及其提取物因其丰富性、多样性、功能性、安全性成为“饲料无抗”“养殖减抗”热潮下亟待开发的“替抗”添加剂产品,正确认识热应激对不同畜禽的影响,以及天然植物在畜禽热应激调控方面的作用,对于畜禽产业健康以及新型抗热应激添加剂产品的研发大有裨益。文章就热应激对畜禽的影响和天然植物及其提取物热应激调控研究进行初步阐述,以期为提高我国现代化畜禽业生产水平的实践提供理论指导。Global climate change and high-density intensive farming practices have significantly heightened the risk of heat stress,making it one of the most critical environmental stressors impacting livestock and poultry health and productivity.Heat stress exerts detrimental effects on growth,production,and reproduc-tive performance and,in severe cases,can lead to mortality or trigger outbreaks of infectious diseases.These serious environmental and food safety risks.In response to the growing demand for sustainable livestock farming,natural plants and their extracts have garnered increasing attention as promising alternatives to antibiotics in feed.Their abun-dance,diversity,functional properties,and safety profiles make them ideal candidates for mitigating heat stress,especially under the current trends of"antibiotic-free"and"reduced antibiotic usage"farming practices.A deeper understanding of the specific impacts of heat stress across different livestock and poultry species,as well as the mechanisms through which natural plants and their extracts alleviate these effects,is crucial for the sustainable development of the livestock industry.This review synthesizes current knowledge on the impacts of heat stress on livestock and poultry,highlights the potential regulatory roles of natural plants and their extracts,and underscores their value in developing novel anti-heat stress feed additives.This work aims to support the advancement of modern livestock and poultry production in China by providing theoretical insights.

关 键 词：热应激 天然植物提取物 调控机理 畜禽 抗生素替代品 

分 类 号：S816.7[农业科学—饲料科学]