核桃饼粕对青脚麻鸡生长性能和免疫功能的影响  

Effects of Walnut Meal on Growth Performance and Immune Function of Cyan-Shank Partridge Chicken

作　　者：陈文东 朱秀娟 苏满春 刘敏清 徐永平[4] CHEN Wendong;ZHU Xiujuan;SU Manchun;LIU Minqing;XU Yongping(School of Agriculture and Forestry Technology,Longnan Normal University,Gansu Longnan 742500,China;Center for Research&Development of Longnan Characteristic Agro-Bioresoueces,Gansu Longnan 742500,China;College of Veterinary Medicine,Gansu Agricultural University,Gansu Lanzhou 730000,China;College of Veterinary Medicine,Northwest A&F University,Shaanxi Yangling 712100,China)

机构地区：[1]陇南师范学院农林技术学院,甘肃陇南742500 [2]陇南特色农业生物资源研究开发中心,甘肃陇南742500 [3]甘肃农业大学动物医学院,甘肃兰州730000 [4]西北农林科技大学动物医学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《饲料工业》2025年第4期64-70,共7页Feed Industry

基　　金：2023年甘肃省自然科学基金项目[23JRRK0002];2023年甘肃省高校教师创新基金项目[2023B-412];陇南市强科技奖补资金项目[2023-S·QKJ-26];两当县西坡镇横向项目[LDHX2023-01、LDHX2023-02]。

摘　　要：为研究日粮中添加不同浓度核桃饼粕(walnut meal,WE)对青脚麻鸡生长性能、免疫功能及新城疫抗体水平的影响,试验选用1日龄青脚麻鸡720只,随机分为Ⅰ组(对照组)、Ⅱ组、Ⅲ组、Ⅳ组,每组6个重复,每个重复30只鸡。Ⅰ组饲喂正常玉米-豆粕型基础日粮,Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组分别在基础日粮中添加1%、3%和5%的WE,试验分两阶段进行,1~21日龄为第一阶段,22~42日龄为第二阶段。结果表明:饲粮中添加WE可降低饲料成本,提高养殖利润。1~21日龄阶段,与对照组相比,Ⅳ组青脚麻鸡日增重、法氏囊指数、脾脏指数和新城疫抗体水平显著升高(P<0.05),血清中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性和转化生长因子-β(TGF-β)含量显著升高(P<0.05),丙二醛(MDA)和白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)含量显著降低(P<0.05);Ⅲ组胸腺指数显著升高(P<0.05),血清中肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)含量显著降低(P<0.05)。22~42日龄阶段,与对照组相比,Ⅳ组青脚麻鸡日增重、法氏囊指数、胸腺指数和新城疫抗体水平显著升高(P<0.05),料重比显著下降(P<0.05),血清中GSH-Px活性和TGF-β含量显著升高(P<0.05),TNF-α含量显著下降(P<0.05)。综上所述,在日粮中添加5%的WE可有效提高青脚麻鸡的生长性能、免疫功能和新城疫抗体水平,改善血清中抗氧化指标和炎症因子含量。In order to investigate the effects of different concentrations of Walnut Meal(WE)on production performance,immune function and newcastle disease antibody of cyan-shank partridge chicken.A total of 7201-day-old cyan-shank partridge chickens were randomly divided to groupⅠ(control),groupⅡ,groupⅢ,groupⅣ,six replicates for each group and 30 chickens in each replicate.GroupⅠfed normal corn-soybean meal diet,groupⅡ,ⅢandⅣwere fed diet with 1%,3%and 5%WE based on normal corn-soybean meal diets,respectively.The experiment is divided into two phases,1-21 days of age was early period,22-42 days of age was late period.The results indicated that,adding WE to feed rations could reduce feed costs and increase farm-ing profits.Early period,compared with control group,the daily gain,bursa index,spleen index and newcastle disease antibody were significantly increased(P<0.05),the activities of glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px),catalase(CAT)and the content of transforming growth factor(TGF-β)in serum were significantly increased(P<0.05),while the contents of malondialdehyde(MDA)and interleukin-1β(IL-1β)were significantly decreased(P<0.05)in groupⅣ;the thymus index was significantly increased(P<0.05),and the content of TNF-αin serum was significantly decreased(P<0.05)in groupⅢ.Late period,Com-pared with control group,the daily gain,bursal index,thymus index and newcastle disease antibody were sig-nificantly increased(P<0.05),the fead conversion rate was significantly reduced(P<0.05),the activities of GSH-Px and the content of TGF-βin serum were significantly increased(P<0.05),the content of TNF-αin serum was significantly decreased(P<0.05)in groupⅣ.To sam up,under the condition of our experiments,the additive dose of WE in the diet was 5%could effectively increased the production performance,immune function and newcastle disease antibody of cyan-shank partridge chicken,improved antioxidant enzyme activity and inflammatory factor content in serum,the advisable.

关 键 词：核桃饼粕 青脚麻鸡 生长性能 免疫功能 新城疫抗体水平 

分 类 号：S816.4[农业科学—饲料科学]