苜蓿发酵饲料对桃源黑猪肉品质的影响研究  

Effect of Fermented Alfalfa Feed on Meat Quality of Taoyuan Black Pigs

作　　者：贾军杰 林谦[2] 张晓明 宁丽平[4] 黄兴国[1] 张志飞[5] 魏仲珊 杨玲媛[1] JIA Junjie;LIN Qian;ZHANG Xiaoming;NING Liping;HUANG Xingguo;ZHANG Zhifei;WEI Zhongshan;YANG Lingyuan(School of Animal Science and Technology,Hunan Agricultural University,Hunan Changsha 410128,China;Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenomics in Traditional Chinese Medicine and Agricultural Biotechnology,Institute of Bast Fiber Crops,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hunan Changsha 410205,China;Zibo Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Shandong Zibo 255000,China;Longhui County Agricultural Technology Extension Center,Hunan Longhui 422200,China;College of Agronomy,Hunan Agricultural University,Hunan Changsha 410128,China;Hunan Deren Animal Husbandry Technology Co.,Ltd.,Hunan Changde 415900,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学动物科学技术学院,湖南长沙410128 [2]中国农业科学院麻类研究所,中医药农业生物基因组学湖南省重点实验室,湖南长沙410205 [3]淄博市农业科学研究院,山东淄博255000 [4]隆回县农业技术推广中心,湖南隆回422200 [5]湖南农业大学农学院,湖南长沙410128 [6]湖南德人牧业科技有限公司,湖南常德415900

出　　处：《饲料工业》2025年第4期71-76,共6页Feed Industry

基　　金：湖南省“三尖”创新人才项目[2022RC1160];湖南省自然科学基金联合基金项目[2023JJ50332]。

摘　　要：试验旨在探究发酵苜蓿对桃源黑猪血清生化、肉品质及肌肉常规养分的影响,选取180头体重为(47.23±0.26)kg的桃园黑猪(阉公猪),随机分成4组,每组5个重复,每个重复9头猪,对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组分别用发酵苜蓿部分替代基础日粮20%(试验组Ⅰ)、30%(试验组Ⅱ)、40%(试验组Ⅲ),预试期14 d,正试期90 d。结果表明,(1)与对照组相比,试验组Ⅰ、Ⅲ育肥猪血清生化指标无显著差异(P>0.05),试验组Ⅱ总胆固醇浓度显著降低(P<0.05);(2)与对照组相比,试验组育肥猪肌肉红度显著提高(P<0.05),肌肉黄度显著降低(P<0.05);(3)与对照组相比,试验组育肥猪肌肉粗脂肪含量极显著降低(P<0.01)。(4)与对照组相比,试验组Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ每头猪每天经济效益分别提高0.68、0.83、0.04元。由此可见,本试验条件下日粮中添加合适水平的发酵苜蓿可以有效改善育肥猪肉品质,综合认为育肥猪日粮中使用20%~30%的发酵苜蓿部分替代基础日粮为宜。This experiment aims to investigate the effects of fermented alfalfa on serum biochemical indica-tors,meat quality,and routine muscle nutrients in Taoyuan Black pigs.180 Taoyuan black pigs(castrated boars)with a body weight of(47.23±0.26)kg were randomly divided into four groups,with 5 replicates per group and 9 pigs per replicate.The control group was fed a basic diet,while the experimental groups were fed diets with 20%(experimental groupⅠ),30%(experimental groupⅡ)and 40%(experimental groupⅢ)of the basic feed replaced by alfalfa fermented feed.The pre-trial period lasted for 14 days,followed by a 90-day formal trial period.The results of the study indicate:①compared with the control group,the addi-tion of fermented alfalfa to the diet had no significant effect on the serum biochemical indicators of fattening pigs in experimental groupsⅠandⅡ(P>0.05),while the total cholesterol concentration in experimental groupⅡwas significantly reduced(P<0.05).②Compared with the control group,the experimental group showed a significant increase in muscle red-ness(P<0.05)and a significant decrease in muscle yellowing(P<0.05)in fattening pigs.③Compared with the control group,the experimental group showed a significant decrease in the crude fat con-tent of fattening pig muscle(P<0.01).④Compared with the control group,experimental groupsⅠ,Ⅱ,Ⅲincreased the daily economic benefits of each pig by 0.68,0.83,and 0.04 yuan,respectively.This indicates that under the conditions of this experiment,adding an appropriate level of fermented alfalfa to the diet can effectively improve the meat quality of fattening pigs.It is generally considered appropriate to replace 20%~30%of the basic diet with fermented alfalfa in the diet of fattening pigs.

关 键 词：发酵苜蓿 肉品质 饲料替代 有机猪肉 经济效益 

分 类 号：S816.6[农业科学—饲料科学]