基于16S rDNA测序的子宫颈病变阴道微生态菌群特征与外周血免疫因子水平相关性分析  

Correlation analysis between vaginal microbiota characteristics and peripheral blood immune factor levels in cervical lesions based on 16S rDNA sequencing

作　　者：孙燕婷 杨丽芸 程晨晨 孟菲 刘诗雨 王娟[1] 丁红梅[1] 张红[1] 陈友国[1] 周金华[1] 沈芳荣[1] SUN Yan-ting;YANG Li-yun;CHENG Chen-chen;MENG Fei;LIUShi-yu;WANG Juan;DING Hong-mei;ZHANG Hong;CHEN You-guo;ZHOU Jin-hua;SHEN Fang-rong(Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology,The First Affiliated Hospital of Suzhou University,Suzhou 215006,China)

机构地区：[1]苏州大学附属第一医院妇产科,江苏苏州215006

出　　处：《中国实用妇科与产科杂志》2025年第1期123-128,共6页Chinese Journal of Practical Gynecology and Obstetrics

基　　金：江苏省老年健康科研项目(LKM2022020)。

摘　　要：目的探讨阴道微生态变化对子宫颈病变发生发展的影响及其与外周血免疫因子表达水平改变的相关性。方法选取2022年12月至2023年5月在苏州大学附属第一医院就诊的存在不同程度子宫颈病变的患者55例为病例组,同时期子宫颈薄层液基细胞学检测(TCT)及人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)检测均为阴性的患者20例作为对照组。取其阴道分泌物进行微生物16S rDNA测序,采集血液学样本进行免疫细胞因子检测,分析比较各组阴道微生态菌群分布情况及外周血免疫细胞因子水平。结果各组阴道微生物在门、种、属水平上丰度最高的分别为厚壁菌门、乳杆菌、惰性乳杆菌(P<0.05)。通过比较SqrtIVt值发现,对照组短双歧杆菌(0.39)、约氏乳杆菌(0.31)及格氏乳杆菌(0.42)sqrtIVt值高于子宫颈病变组,提示三者可能可以成为子宫颈病变生物标志物。在外周血免疫因子表达水平方面,白细胞介素-2(IL-2)与梭杆菌属的相对丰度呈负相关,P<0.05。随着子宫颈病变加重,干扰素γ(IFN-γ)、IL-2表达水平逐渐降低,而白细胞介素4(IL-4)表达水平逐渐升高,结果差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论机体整体免疫状态的失衡包括外周血免疫因子IFN-γ、IL-2表达水平的改变可能与阴道微生态失调密切相关,从而进一步推动子宫颈病变发生发展。短双歧杆菌、约氏乳杆菌及格氏乳杆菌可能在对预防及延缓子宫颈病变上存在保护作用,可以作为潜在生物标志物。Objective To investigate the effect of changes in vaginal microecology on the development of cervical lesions and their correlation with altered levels of peripheral blood immune factor expression.Methods55 patients with varying degrees of cervical lesions who visited the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University from December 2022 to May 2023 were selected as the case group.And 20 patients with negative thinprep cytologic test(TCT)results and human papilloma virus(HPV)test results in the same period were served as the control group.Their vaginal secretions were taken for microbial 16S rDNA sequencing,and hematological samples were collected for immune cytokine testing to analyze and compare the vaginal microbiota and immune cytokine levels in each group.ResultsThe vaginal microorganisms with the highest abundance at the phylum,species,and genus levels in each group were Firmicutes,Lactobacillus,and Lactobacillus iners,respectively(P<0.05).By comparing the SqrtIVt values,it was found that Bifidobacterium shortum(0.39),Lactobacillus aboutloides(0.31)and Lactobacillus griseus(0.42)sqrtIVt values in the lesion group,suggesting that the three may serve as biomarkers for cervical lesions.In terms of peripheral blood immune factor expression levels,interleukin 2(IL-2)was negatively correlated with the relative abundance of clostridium spp,P<0.05.With the aggravation of cervical lesions,the expression levels of interferon gamma(IFN-γ)and IL-2 gradually decreased,while the expression level of interleukin 2(IL-4)gradually increased,and the differences in the results were all statistically significant(P<0.05).ConclusionsThe imbalance of the overall immune status of the body,including changes in the expression levels of peripheral blood immune factors IFN-γand IL-2,may be closely related to the dysbiosis of the vaginal microbiota,thereby further promoting the occurrence and development of cervical lesions.Bifidobacterium breve,Lactobacillus johnsonii,and Lactobacillus gasseri may have a protective role in preventing

关 键 词：阴道微生态 子宫颈病变 免疫细胞因子 16S rDNA 子宫颈癌 人乳头瘤病毒感染 

分 类 号：R711.74[医药卫生—妇产科学]