锂离子电池温度状态:定义、检测与估计  

State of temperature for lithium-ion battery:Definition,detection,and estimation

作　　者：杨博文 刘思垒 冯旭宁[2] 饶中浩 刘吉臻[4] 吴伟雄 YANG BoWen;LIU SiLei;FENG XuNing;RAO ZhongHao;LIU JiZhen;WU WeiXiong(School of International Energy,Jinan University,Zhuhai 519070,China;State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Green Vehicle and Mobility,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;School of Energy and Environmental Engineering,Hebei University of Technology,Tianjin 300401,China;State Key Laboratory of New Energy Power System,North China Electric Power University,Beijing 100096,China)

机构地区：[1]暨南大学国际能源学院,珠海519070 [2]清华大学智能绿色车辆与交通全国重点实验室,北京100084 [3]河北工业大学能源与环境工程学院,天津300401 [4]华北电力大学新能源电力系统国家重点实验室,北京100096

出　　处：《中国科学:技术科学》2025年第2期187-212,共26页Scientia Sinica(Technologica)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(批准号:52106244,52476200);广东省基础与应用基础研究基金(编号:2022A1515011936,2024A1515030124);南方电网公司科技项目(编号:GDKJXM20230246(030100KC23020017))资助。

摘　　要：锂离子电池作为新型储能技术的重要载体,其全生命周期的安全性和可靠性备受关注.作为复杂的温度敏感型电化学系统,随着能量密度上升和应用场合的拓展,热效应引起的温度变化极大地影响锂离子电池性能.相较于荷电状态、健康状态等,电池温度状态能够直观地反映其内部工作状况和外部环境条件,是未来智能电池管理系统中必不可少的物理量之一.本文首先归纳了电池的4种温度表征指标:表面温度、核心温度、体均温度及温度分布,与此同时,在模组层面讨论了温度极值和温度差值的适用性;随后,从温度检测和温度估计两方面对现有方法进行分类,并系统阐述了各种温度检测估计方法的原理、优势以及局限性;最后,讨论了电池温度状态领域面临的挑战,并提出了未来的发展方向.As an important carrier of new energy storage technology,the safety and reliability of lithium-ion batteries throughout their life cycle have attracted significant attention.These batteries are complex,temperature-sensitive electrochemical systems.With increasing energy density and broader applications,temperature changes from thermal effects greatly affect their performance.Unlike other metrics such as state of charge or health,the temperature state of the battery provides a clear indication of its internal and external working conditions,making it a crucial parameter for future intelligent battery management systems.This paper outlines four key temperature characteristics of batteries:surface temperature,core temperature,body average temperature,and temperature distribution.It also examines the applicability of temperature extremes and differences at the module level.Existing methods are classified into temperature detection and estimation,with a systematic description of the principles,advantages,and limitations of each approach.Finally,the paper discusses challenges in battery temperature management and suggests future directions.

关 键 词：锂离子电池 温度状态 智能电池 温度检测 温度估计 

分 类 号：TM912[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]