算力-电力-热力协同视角下数据中心高密机柜全栈联动研究  

Full-stack linkage of high-density cabinets in data centers considering computing-electric-thermal power synergy

作　　者：王永真 宋阔 韩恺[1,2] 韩艺博 罗昊 林嘉瑜 韩特 魏一鸣 李子贤[5] WANG YongZhen;SONG Kuo;HAN Kai;HAN YiBo;LUO Hao;LIN JiaYu;HAN Te;WEI YiMing;LI ZiXian(School of Mechanical Engineering,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100083,China;Chongqing Innovation Center,Beijing Institute of Technology,Chongqing 401120,China;School of Management and Economics,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081,China;Beijing Laboratory for System Engineering of Carbon Neutrality,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081,China;XUTELI School,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 102401,China)

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学机械与车辆学院,北京100083 [2]北京理工大学重庆创新中心,重庆401120 [3]北京理工大学管理学院,北京100081 [4]北京理工大学碳中和系统工程北京实验室,北京100081 [5]北京理工大学徐特立学院,北京102401

出　　处：《中国科学:技术科学》2025年第2期213-232,共20页Scientia Sinica(Technologica)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金(批准号:52006114)资助项目。

摘　　要：智算的快速发展推动着计算能力的高密化,并引发数据中心(data center,DC)机柜功耗和散热密度的快速增长.当前DC的节能控制仍局限在上层算力设备或下层散热设备单链条的优化,且温度柔性控制对机柜算力及电力的全局优化潜力尚未被深入挖掘.因此,基于全局优化及动态调控的思路,本文提出了算力-电力-热力协同下高密DC全栈联动的理念,并以全栈联动所涉及的服务器功耗及算效模型、两相液冷技术和全栈耦合动态控制技术为例,进行相关研究现状的综述,并介绍了温度柔性控制下DC全栈联动的模型构建与求解方式.同时,分析了运行温度对算力、电力、热力的耦合影响机制,论述了基于模型引导反馈校正的DC全栈联动研究趋势.The continuous development of intelligent computing is driving the high density of computing power,leading to rapid growth in power consumption and heat dissipation density of data center(DC)cabinets.Currently,most of the energy-saving control methods for DCs are still limited to the optimization of a single chain of the upper computing equipment or the lower heat dissipation equipment,and the global optimization potential of temperature flexible control on cabinet computing and electric power consumption has not been deeply explored.Therefore,based on global optimization and dynamic scheduling,this paper proposes the concept of full-stack linkage of high-density DCs under the coordination of computing,electric,and thermal powers.Considering as examples the server power consumption and efficiency model,two-phase liquid cooling technology,and dynamic control technology involved in full-stack linkage,the related research status is analyzed,and the model construction and solution method for full-stack linkage of DCs under temperature flexible control are discussed.Accordingly,the coupling influence mechanism of operating temperature on computing,electric,and thermal powers is analyzed,and the research trend of full-stack linkage of DCs based on model-guided feedback correction is discussed.

关 键 词：数据中心 服务器 能耗 算力-电力-热力 两相液冷 全栈联动 

分 类 号：TP308[自动化与计算机技术—计算机系统结构]