从地理信息系统到地理智能体  

From Geographic Information System to Geographic Intelligent Agent

作　　者：罗斌[1,2] 刘文豪 吴进 韩嘉福 吴文周[1] 李洪省 LUO Bin;LIU Wenhao;WU Jin;HAN Jiafu;WU Wenzhou;LI Hongsheng(State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China;Beijing StarEarth Technology Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所地理信息科学与技术全国重点实验室,北京100101 [2]北京星球时空科技有限公司,北京100083

出　　处：《地球信息科学学报》2025年第1期83-99,共17页Journal of Geo-information Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFB3900901).

摘　　要：【目的】地理系统是涵盖地球表层自然与人文现象及其相互关系的综合系统,而现有地理信息系统(GIS)虽能数字化处理这些地理要素,但其局限性在于缺乏物理与信息空间的双向交互,并且其模型通常依赖于预设规则和历史数据,难以应对快速变化和三维结构复杂的地理情境。为此,本文提出了“地理智能体”,作为地理信息系统的进阶形式,融合了具身智能、自监督学习和多模态语言模型,旨在提升环境感知、空间理解和自主决策能力。【方法】本文设计的地理智能体架构包含多模态感知、智能中枢和行动操控模块,分别通过传感器网络获取全方位环境信息、利用知识图谱和生成模型进行复杂情境推理,并最终实现对物理环境的实时调控和多层次规划。此外,地理智能体将通过地球模拟器和试验场平台测试,以适应虚拟和真实环境的差异,从而在复杂、动态地理情境中具备更强的自主应对能力。【结果】本文以虚拟数字人“地球通”为例,初步展示地理智能体在空间智能化应用中的具体实现。【结论】“地球通”作为地理智能体的原型机,集成了时空知识图谱(GeoKG)和认知地图生成大模型(GeoGPT)等模块,能够辅助用户在应急管理、城市规划和生态监测等领域中快速获取智能化的空间决策支持,充分体现了地理信息系统从信息处理工具向自主空间智能体的发展演化。[Objectives]The geographic system is an integrated framework encompassing natural and human phenomena and their interrelationships on the Earth's surface.While Geographic Information Systems(GIS)can digitally process these geographic elements,they face challenges in addressing rapidly changing geographic contexts with complex 3D structures.This is primarily due to the lack of bi-directional interactions between physical and informational spaces,as well as their reliance on predefined rules and historical data.In this paper,we propose the concept of a“Geographic Intelligent Agent”as an advanced form of GIS,which integrates embodied intelligence,self-supervised learning,and multimodal language modeling to improve environmental perception,spatial understanding,and autonomous decision-making.[Methods]The architecture of the geographic intelligent agent consists of three core components:multimodal perception,an intelligent hub,and an action manipulation module.These components collectively acquire comprehensive environmental information through sensor networks,perform complex situatio reasoning using knowledge graphs and generative models,and enable real-time control and multilevel planning of the physical environment.To adapt to differences between virtual and real environments,the geographic intelligent agent is tested using the earth simulator and a test field platform,equipping it with stronger autonomous capabilities in complex and dynamic geographic contexts.[Results]This paper also demonstrates the implementation of geographic intelligent agent in spatial intelligence applications using the virtual digital human“EarthSage”as an example.[Conclusion]As a prototype of the geographic intelligent agent,"EarthSage"integrates modules such as the spatiotemporal Knowledge Ggraph(GeoKG)and a Cognitive Map Generation Model(GeoGPT),assisting users in obtaining intelligent spatial decision-making support in fields such as emergency management,urban planning,and ecological monitoring.This work exemplifies the transfo

关 键 词：智能地理系统 地理智能体 具身智能 自监督学习 多模态感知 知识图谱 大模型 空间智能 

分 类 号：P208[天文地球—地图制图学与地理信息工程]