叙事地图的修辞体系框架——概念界定、类型划分与作用机制  

Rhetoric of Narrative Maps:Conceptualizations,Categories,and Working Mechanisms

作　　者：苏世亮[1] 李千千 李子纯 黄煦原 亢孟军[1] 翁敏[1] SU Shiliang;LI Qianqian;LI Zichun;HUANG Xuyuan;KANG Mengjun;WENG Min(Urban Computing and Visualization Lab,School of Resource and Environmental Sciences,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430079,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学资源与环境科学学院城市计算与可视化研究室,武汉430079

出　　处：《地球信息科学学报》2025年第1期131-150,共20页Journal of Geo-information Science

基　　金：湖北省青年拔尖人才计划项目(212100006);武汉大学人才启动基金项目(413100138)。

摘　　要：【目的】在视觉主导机制日益彰显的当下,修辞逐渐从地图学的外围走向中心,成为了叙事地图研究的核心问题之一。然而,学术界尚未搭建起一个系统性的基础框架,难以解答什么是叙事地图的修辞、叙事地图的修辞有哪些类型、修辞如何发挥作用并服务叙事地图的叙事目标等基本理论问题。【方法】针对这些盲点问题,本文首先基于修辞的语言学与图像学研究范式,通过厘清叙事地图中修辞的本质,对叙事地图的修辞进行概念界定和特征辨析;其次,立足于内容语义表征和逻辑语义表征的差异性,提出了叙事地图修辞的分类准则,划分出意义性修辞与结构性修辞两大类别,并以此建立了叙事地图修辞的家族谱系,形成了叙事地图修辞体系框架的元理论和元语言;进而,基于多级符号系统与格式塔原则,从修辞维度、修辞作用层级、修辞综合运用和修辞适用原则4个核心方面入手,深入剖析了叙事地图中修辞的作用机制;最后,结合《江南运河》的典型案例,说明了修辞体系框架如何支撑叙事地图设计实践。【结论】以期为推动当代地图学理论创新提供了参考。[Objectives]All meaningful forms of human discourse are rhetorical,and the purpose of rhetoric is to enable communication and foster sympathy between parties with certain views.Narrative maps are essentially a discursive practice for communicating information and exchanging ideas,characterized by the strategic use of rhetoric to construct persuasive discourse and achieve the goal of"agreement"or"persuasion".In the current era,where visual dominance is increasingly prominent,rhetoric has garnered growing attention in cartography.This turn not only addresses core issues in narrative map research but also provides a realistic path for enriching and reconstructing the existing knowledge of modern cartography.However,the academic community has yet to establish a systematic framework,leaving three key issues unresolved:(1)How to conceptualize the rhetoric of narrative maps?(2)How to categorize the rhetoric of narrative maps?(3)What is the working mechanism of rhetoric in narrative maps?[Methods]To address these research gaps,this article,firstly,follows the research paradigm of rhetoric to clarify the essence of rhetoric in narrative maps,and defines it as:"During the design process of narrative maps,cartographers use certain visualization strategies to facilitate the representation of events,thereby weaving explicit narrative intentions into the mapping space in an implicit way to create persuasive discourse or emotional agreement for viewers."Secondly,a classification criterion is proposed based on the differences between content semantic representation and logical semantic representation.Two major categories,semantic rhetoric and structural rhetoric,along with 24 minor classes,are divided for rhetoric of narrative map.Semantic rhetoric mainly focuses on enhancing the understanding of content,expressing the connotation and imaginative tension of map"text".Structural rhetoric aims to emphasize the logic semantic relationships in narrative discourse,presenting the narrative logic of events.Semantic rhetoric often manif

关 键 词：叙事地图 修辞 视觉修辞 叙述机制 地图设计 地图学理论 

分 类 号：P28[天文地球—地图制图学与地理信息工程]